Motivation Flashcards
Under Job Performance, this is the degree to which the employee POSSESES skills, abilities, knowledge and experiences relevant to his job.
Capacity to Perform
Under Job Performance, this is the CIRCUMSTANCES in which an employee can work
Opportunity to Perform
Under Job Performance, this is the degree in which an employee desires and is WILLING to exert effort to achieve the goals assigned to him
Willingness to Perform
Process of ACTIVATING behavior, sustaining it, and directing it toward a particular goal
Motivation
Theory of Motivation developed by Abraham Maslow
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Theory of motivation that was developed by Clayton Alderfer
ERG THEORY
Existence, Relatedness, Growth
Theory developed by Frederick Herzberg that identifies 1, JOB CONTEXT as a source of job dissatisfaction and 2, JOB CONTENT as the source of job satisfaction
Two Factor Theory
Theory developed by David C. McClelland that says that people ACQUIRE or learn certain needs from their culture.
Acquired Needs Theory (Power, Affiliation, Achievement)
Theory developed by Edwin A. Locke that says specific and difficult GOALS with feedback lead to higher performance.
Goal Setting Theory
Theory that says the CONTENTION of behavior is determined by its CONSEQUENCES
Reinforcement Theory by BF Skinner
First proposed by Vroom, this theory says motivation results from deliberate choices to ENGAGE in activities in order to achieve worthwhile OUTCOMES
Expectancy Theory of Motivation
How well the person believes he or she can PERFORM the task
Expectancy
How well the person believes that performance will LEAD to certain outcomes
Instrumentality
The VALUE that the person attaches to the outcomes
Valence
Theory that individuals compare job inputs and outcomes with those of others and then respond to eliminate INEQUITIES
Equity Theory
Three important concepts in designing jobs
- Job Enrichment
- Job Characteristics Model
- Job Crafting
Refers to the practice of BUILDING MOTIVATING FACTORS like responsibility, achievement and recognition into job content.
Job Enrichment
Employees receive IMMEDIATE evaluation for their work
Direct Feedback
Means an employee is given a chance to serve an internal and external CLIENT
Client Relationship
Employee acquires NEW KNOWLEDGE while doing his work
New Learning
Employees has some CONTROL over which method to choose to accomplish a task
Control Over Method
The job has UNIQUE qualities and features
Unique Experience
Provides the employee the opportunity to COMMUNICATE DIRECTLY with people who use their output
Direct Communication Authority
Employee has CONTROL OVER RESOURCES such as money, material or people
Control Over Resources
Employee is responsible for his or her result
Personal Accountability
The method of a job design that focuses on the TASKS and the interpersonal DEMANDS of the job
Job Characteristics Model
The degree to which there are MANY SKILLS to perform
Skill Variety
The degree to which ONE WORKER is able to do a complete job, from beginning to end.
Task Identity
The degree to which the job has a SUBSTANTIAL IMPACT on the lives or work of other people
Task Significance
The degree which the job gives the employee substantial FREEDOM, INDEPENDENCE and DISCRETION in scheduling the work and determining the procedures used in carrying it out
Autonomy
The degree to which a job provides DIRECT information about performance
Feedback
Refers to the physical and mental CHANGES workers make in the task or relationship aspects of their job
Job Crafting
The APPLICATION of reinforcement theory for motivating people in work settings
Organizational Behavior Modification ( OB MOD)
A type of monetary reward that use the NUMBER OF HOURS WORKED as a means of determining rewards
Time Rates
This scheme links pay to the QUANTITY of the individual OUTPUT
Payment by Results
This scheme consider results or OUTPUTS plus ACTUAL BEHAVIOR in the job
Performance Related Pay
A scheme where pay is linked to company PROFITS
Profit Related Pay
Also known as COMPETENCY BASED or KNOWLEDGE BASED pay. This sets pay levels on the basis of how many skills employees have or how many jobs they can do
Skill Based Pay
This is a benefit plan that allows each employee to put together a BENEFIT PACKAGE individually tailored to his or her own needs and situation
Cafeteria or Flexible Benefit System
