Motivation

Question 1

Instinct

Answer 1

A complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species

Question 2

Drive-reduction theory

Answer 2

The idea hat a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.

Question 3

Homeostasis

Answer 3

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level

Question 4

Incentive

Answer 4

A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

Question 5

Yerkes-Dodson law

Answer 5

The principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases

Question 6

Hierarchy of needs

Answer 6

Maslows pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher level safety needs and then psychological needs become active

Question 7

Glucose

Answer 7

The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When it’s level is low, we feel hunger

Question 8

Set point

Answer 8

The point at whic. An individual’s “weight thermostat” is supposedly set

Question 9

Basal metabolic rate

Answer 9

The body’s resting rate of energy expenditure

Question 10

Sexual response cycle

Answer 10

The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

Question 11

Refractory period

Answer 11

A resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm

Question 12

Sexual dysfunction

Answer 12

A problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning

Question 13

Estrogens

Answer 13

Sex hormones, such as estradiol, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males and contributing to female sex characteristics

Question 14

Testosterone

Answer 14

The most important of the male sex hormones

Question 15

Emotions

Answer 15

A response of the whole organism involving physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience

Question 16

James-Lange theory

Answer 16

The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion arousing stimuli

Question 17

Motivation

Answer 17

A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

Question 18

Cannon-Bard theory

Answer 18

An emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion

Question 19

Two factor theory

Answer 19

The Schachner Singer theory that to experience emotion one must be physically arouses and cognitively label the arousal

Question 20

Polygraph

Answer 20

A machine commonly used in attempts to detect lies

Question 21

Facial feedback effect

Answer 21

The tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness

Question 22

Health psychology

Answer 22

A sub field of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine

Question 23

Stress

Answer 23

Process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging

Question 24

General adaptation syndrome

Answer 24

Seyles concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases-alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 25

Tend and befriend response

Answer 25

Under stress, people often provide support to others and bond with and seek support from others

Question 26

Psychophysiological illness

Answer 26

Literally mind body illness, any stress related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches

Question 27

Psychoneuroimmunology

Answer 27

Study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health

Question 28

Lymphocytes

Answer 28

The two parts of white blood cells that are part of the immune system

Question 29

Coronary heart disease

Answer 29

The clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle

Question 30

Type A

Answer 30

Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger prone people

Question 31

Type B

Answer 31

Term for easy going and relaxed people

Question 32

Abraham Maslow

Answer 32

Developed hierarchy of needs

Question 33

William Masters

Answer 33

Identified the four stages of the sexual response cycle

Question 34

Virginia Johnson

Answer 34

Helped to identify the four stages of the sexual response cycle

Question 35

William James

Answer 35

Developed theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion arousing stimuli

Question 36

Stanley Schachter

Answer 36

Created two-factor theory

Question 37

Hans Selye

Answer 37

Developed the general adaptation syndrome