Motivation

Question 1

Self-determinantion theory

Answer 1

Self-determinantion theory describes different types of motivations that people can have: amotivation, extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation

Question 2

4 types of intrinsic motivation

Answer 2

1. exterernal regulation
2. introjected regulation
3. identified regulation
4. integrated regulation

Question 3

External regulation

Answer 3

Doing something because of sanctions

Question 4

Introjected regulation

Answer 4

Doing something because of your self-worth, ego-involvement, self-esteem

Question 5

Identified regulation

Answer 5

Doing something because it is congruent with a goal of value that you have

Question 6

Integrated regulation

Answer 6

Doing something because it is in line with your identity, it defines who you are as a person

Question 7

intrinsic motivation

Answer 7

doing something out of interest and enjoyment

Question 8

3 needs for intrinsic motivation

Answer 8

• autonomy
• competence
• relatedness/belongingness

Question 9

Social dilemma

Answer 9

• for each individual it is more beneficial to further their self interest (defect) than to further the collective interest (cooperate)
• all individuals are worse of if no one cooperates

Question 10

Public good resource

Answer 10

An entity that relies in whole or in part on contributions to be provided (charities)

Question 11

Public/common pool resource

Answer 11

Opposite of public good, the resource begins at full provision and group member have free access to it, if everyone takes a lot of the resource it runs out faster than it can be restored (groundwater)

Question 12

Interdependence theory

Answer 12

used to understand cooperation in social dilemmas, there are a lot of different factors that influence whether people cooperate or defect

Question 13

2x2 game (social dilemma game)

Answer 13

you can cooperate or defect and your partner can also cooperate of defect

Question 14

greed motive

Answer 14

you defect but still want te benefits of the group (free riding)

Question 15

fear motive (sucker effect)

Answer 15

defecting because you expect the other to defect

Question 16

collective motive

Answer 16

cooperating because you want to do what’s best for the group

Question 17

antagonist

Answer 17

someone who is working against the collective interest

Question 18

structural solutions for public good problems

Answer 18

• outcome structure: rewarding cooperation and punishing defecting
• decision structure: electing someone to make the decisions when there are mixed motives

Question 19

third party solutions to public good problems

Answer 19

• emergent intervention: no formally defined role and usually has a informal relationship with them
• contractual intervention: someone is invited to offer services to solve the conflict (judge)

Question 20

Psychological solutions to social dilemmas

Answer 20

promoting trust, identity (what they have in common) and long term perspectives

Question 21

evolutionary perspective on leadership

Answer 21

We are egalitarian species (informal/consensual/situational/fair leadership) but nowadays we have leadership that is more for despotic species (one dominant leader)

Question 22

responsibility aversion

Answer 22

the reduced willingness to make decisions when the collective welfare is at stake. This makes you less likely to be a leader.

Question 23

defer

Answer 23

letting the group taking the decision instead of taking a decision individually (what most people prefer)

Question 24

What do people want more of when they have to take a decision for the group?

Answer 24

they want more certainty about the outcomes of the decisions