Motivation Flashcards
Self-determinantion theory
Self-determinantion theory describes different types of motivations that people can have: amotivation, extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation
4 types of intrinsic motivation
- exterernal regulation
- introjected regulation
- identified regulation
- integrated regulation
External regulation
Doing something because of sanctions
Introjected regulation
Doing something because of your self-worth, ego-involvement, self-esteem
Identified regulation
Doing something because it is congruent with a goal of value that you have
Integrated regulation
Doing something because it is in line with your identity, it defines who you are as a person
intrinsic motivation
doing something out of interest and enjoyment
3 needs for intrinsic motivation
- autonomy
- competence
- relatedness/belongingness
Social dilemma
- for each individual it is more beneficial to further their self interest (defect) than to further the collective interest (cooperate)
- all individuals are worse of if no one cooperates
Public good resource
An entity that relies in whole or in part on contributions to be provided (charities)
Public/common pool resource
Opposite of public good, the resource begins at full provision and group member have free access to it, if everyone takes a lot of the resource it runs out faster than it can be restored (groundwater)
Interdependence theory
used to understand cooperation in social dilemmas, there are a lot of different factors that influence whether people cooperate or defect
2x2 game (social dilemma game)
you can cooperate or defect and your partner can also cooperate of defect
greed motive
you defect but still want te benefits of the group (free riding)
fear motive (sucker effect)
defecting because you expect the other to defect
collective motive
cooperating because you want to do what’s best for the group
antagonist
someone who is working against the collective interest
structural solutions for public good problems
- outcome structure: rewarding cooperation and punishing defecting
- decision structure: electing someone to make the decisions when there are mixed motives
third party solutions to public good problems
- emergent intervention: no formally defined role and usually has a informal relationship with them
- contractual intervention: someone is invited to offer services to solve the conflict (judge)
Psychological solutions to social dilemmas
promoting trust, identity (what they have in common) and long term perspectives
evolutionary perspective on leadership
We are egalitarian species (informal/consensual/situational/fair leadership) but nowadays we have leadership that is more for despotic species (one dominant leader)
responsibility aversion
the reduced willingness to make decisions when the collective welfare is at stake. This makes you less likely to be a leader.
defer
letting the group taking the decision instead of taking a decision individually (what most people prefer)
What do people want more of when they have to take a decision for the group?
they want more certainty about the outcomes of the decisions
