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ECOS I Exam 1 > Motion Dynamics > Flashcards

Motion Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a plane?

A

A flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points on it would wholly lie

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2
Q

What is an axis?

A

A straight line around which an object rotates

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3
Q

What are the three types of planes?

A

Coronal/frontal/lateral
Sagittal/antero-posterior
Horizontal/transverse

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4
Q

Coronal/frontal/lateral plane

A

Bisects the body into front and back halves

Allows for flexion and extension

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5
Q

Sagittal/antero-posterior plane

A

Bisects the body into right and left halves

Allows for side bending, abduction and adduction

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6
Q

Horizontal/transverse plane

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior halves

Allows for rotation

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7
Q

What are the three types of joints?

A

Fibrous (skull articulations)
Cartilaginous (discs between vertebrae)
Synovial (6 types - extremities)

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8
Q

How is ROM often measured?

A

In degrees

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9
Q

Most joints have a primary motion in one

A

Plane with smaller motions in the other two planes

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10
Q

What are the three components to ROM?

A

Direction, range and quality

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11
Q

Direction

A

Flexion, extension, side bending and rotation

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12
Q

Range

A

Actual measurement of ROM in degrees

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13
Q

Quality of ROM can be characterized by what?

A

Smooth - normal
Ratcheting - ex. Parkinson’s disease
Restricted - contracture or somatic dysfunction
Exhibiting resistance to the motion induced - cerebral palsy

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14
Q

What are the different types of end feel of ROM?

A

Elastic, abrupt, hard, empty, and crisp

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15
Q

Elastic end feel of ROM

A

Like a rubber band

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16
Q

Abrupt end feel of ROM

A

Osteoarthritis or hinge joint

17
Q

Hard end feel of ROM

A

Somatic dysfunction

18
Q

Empty end feel of ROM

A

Stops due to guarding (pt doesnt allow the motion due to pain)

19
Q

Crisp end feel of ROM

A

Involuntary muscle guarding as in pinched nerve

20
Q

Occasionally when a pt has a ROM in somatic dysfunction then you can observe a

A

Shift of their midline

21
Q

Flexibility is the

A

range of motion in a joint or group of joints or the ability to move joints effectively through a complete ROM

22
Q

What are the two types of flexibility?

A

Static and dynamic

23
Q

Static flexibility

A

Maximal ROM a joint can achieve with an externally applied force

24
Q

Dynamic flexibility

A

ROM an athlete can produce and speed at which they can produce it

25
Q

What is stiffness?

A

Reduced ROM of a joint or group of joints

26
Q

The spine is a complicated system of

A

Articulations and bony segments that serves to protect the spinal cord while providing a basic support axis for the upper body

27
Q

What makes up a functional unit?

A

Two vertebrae, their associated disc, neurovascular and other soft tissues

28
Q

What portion of the spine displays the greatest motion?

A 
Cervical spine 
(Concept of the structure and motion of spinal segments differing substantially over the entire spinal column)
29
Q

What is coupled motion?

A

Consistent application of a motion along or about one axis with another motion about or along a second axis. The principle motion cannot be produced without the associated motion occurring as well.
Ex: flexing and rotating the trunk at the same time

30
Q

What is linkage?

A

The relationship of joint mechanics with surrounding structures
By linking multiple structures together you will get increased ROM
Ex. Shoulder-spine or spine-hip/pelvis

31
Q

Specific joint assessment requires

A

Joint isolation for accurate measurement and evaluation

32
Q

Functional assessment of a joint may assess

A

Linkage

33
Q

Motion can be tested at

A

One segment or globally to include surrounding segments or regions

34
Q

Motion dynamics of skeletal dysfunction

A

Hard end point
Ex: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and somatic dysfunction
(All the same for arthrodial dysfunction as well)

35
Q

Motion dynamics of myofascial dysfunction

A

Tight, elastic end point

Ex: scar tissue and somatic dysfunction

36
Q

Motion dynamics of vascular dysfunction

A

Empty end feel

Ex: peripheral vascular disease, thoracic outlet syndrome and somatic dysfunction

37
Q

Motion dynamics of lymphatic dysfunction

A

Empty or boggy end feel

Ex: lymphedema, visceral dysfunction like CHF, acute injury like a sprained ankle, and somatic dysfunction

38
Q

Motion dynamics of neural dysfunction

A

Crisp or empty end feel

Ex: herniated disc, thoracic outlet syndrome, and somatic dysfunction

ECOS I Exam 1 (26 decks)

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