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Its not over, Until its over! > Mosby 1&2 > Flashcards

Mosby 1&2 Flashcards

1
Q

anterior tonsillar pilar and posterior tonsilar pillar

A

anterior : palatoglossus
posterior : palatopharyngeus

function: close off the nasopharynx and larynx during swallowing

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2
Q

superior and inferior opthalmic veins drains into?

a. Internal jugular vein
b. Pterygoid plexus
c. Frontal vein
d. infraorbital vein
e. facial vein

A

facial vein and cavenous sinus

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3
Q

site of cell division of oral epithelium

A

basal layer/ stratum germinativum

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4
Q

masseter muscle originates into?

A

inferior boarder of the zygomatic arch

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5
Q

pulpal nerves can ONLY transmit signals

A

pain

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6
Q

ratio of inorganic and organic matter of

enamel
dentin
cementum

A

enamel. 96:4
dentin 70:30
cementum 50:50

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7
Q

multiple, peripherally positioned nuclei fibers of muscle

A

skeletal muscle

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8
Q

spindle shaped muscle fiber

A

smooth muscle fiber

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9
Q

deoxygenated blood from the transverse sinus drains ______; empties into _____.

A

sigmoid sinus : internal jugular veins

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10
Q

transverse sinuses received blood from the________ ; which located in the _________.

A

confluence ; posterior cranium

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11
Q

internal carotid artery joined by the posterior cerebral artery via ;

A

posterior communicating artery (circle of willis)

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12
Q

tendon of tensor tympani is attached to :

A

malleus of middle ear

fx: loud sound cause tensor tympani to contract pulling the malleus and rympanic membrane to reduce vibrations and prevent damage

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13
Q

acinar units of salivary gland lining

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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14
Q

ONLY muscle capable for cell division

A

smooth muscle

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15
Q

myelin sheath on CNS :PNS

A

CNS :Oligodendrocytes

PNS : Schwann cells

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16
Q

fibers of lateral pterygoid attached to anterior end of disc,contra tion of muscle pulls _____ and ____ direction.

A

anterior and medial

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17
Q

forms the floor of the mouth

A

mylohyoid muscle

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18
Q

heart-shaped vertebrae

A

thoracic vertebrae

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19
Q

what rib attaches the sternal angle (between manubrium and sternum)?

A

second rib

ps: 1st rib CANNOT be palpated

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20
Q

thoracic wall of axilla composed :

anterior wall
lateral wall
inferior aspect of posterior wall

A

anterior wall : pectorallis major and minor
lateral wall : serrarus anterior
inferior aspect of posterior wall : latissimus dorsi

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21
Q

ligament found in the lingula and sphenoid bone

A

sphenomandibular ligament

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22
Q

vestigial cleft of RATHKE’S POUCH is located in?

A

anterior and posterior lobes of pituitary gland (between pars intermedia)

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23
Q

active at birth and increases in size until puberty (until age 12)

A

thymus

ps: gradually atropies and replaced by fatty tissue

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24
Q

trapezius muscle is supplied by

A

CN 11

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25
Q

latissimus dorsi is supplies by

A

thoraco-dorsal nerve

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26
Q

levator scapulae

major and minor rhomboid muscle are supplied by:

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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27
Q

diaphragm is supplies by:

A

phrenic artery

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28
Q

terminall bronchioles are characterized by :

A

ciliated cuboidal cells

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29
Q

langerhans cells are located in:

A

stratum spinosum

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30
Q

important for thermoregulation

A

Arterio-venous anastomoses

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31
Q

osteocytes are found in

A

lacunae of mature bone

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32
Q

marks the end of rhe growth

A

epiphyseal closure

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33
Q

what brachial arches disapper when the ____ brachial arch grows down to contact the _____.

A

second : fifth

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34
Q

facial nerves sre derived from ____brachial arch.

A

second

ps:
trigeminal is from first brachial arch

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35
Q

involved in glycogen metabolism and detoxification

A

smooth ER and liver

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36
Q

what type of collagem is foind in cementum

A

type 1 collagen

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37
Q

Calcium binds to which of the followong contraction in Smooth Muscle

A

calmodulin

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38
Q

calcium binds to which of the followong contraction in Skeletal muscle

A

troponin C

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39
Q

lymph from mandibular incisors, lower lip, tip of tongue and chin drain into:

and rest of mandibular teeth ( premolars and molars)

A

submental nodes: submandibular nodes

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40
Q

which of the following muscle attaches to anterior end of arricular disc of tmj?

A

fibers of SUPERIOR HEAD OF LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

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41
Q

maxillary nerve exits the skull thru____ then passes to ___,where it communicates with the ___.

A

foramen rotundum : pterygopalatine fossa : pterygopalatine ganglion

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42
Q

injury to which of the following nerves would affect abduction on the eyeball?

A

abducens nerve (SO4LR6R3)

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43
Q

nucleus ambiguus contain cell bodies of which cranial nerve?

A

found in medulla of brainstem : Cranial nerve 9,10,11

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44
Q

The articulating surfaces of the tmj are covered with

A

Fibrocarfilage

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45
Q

sensory neurons nucleus termination involved in JAW JERK REFLEX

A

mesencephalic nucleus

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46
Q

red pulp in spleen is consist of ____ and white pulp is consist of ____.

A

red pulp: macrophages and venous sinusoids

white pulp: T and B lymphocytes

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47
Q

the vertebral artery meets with the basilar artery at the lower border of the.

A

pons

fx: basilar artery provides supply to the pons

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48
Q

two vertebrsl artery join togerther to form?

A

basilar artery

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49
Q

where are the cell that produce calcitonin located?

A

thyroid gland

fx: suppresses bone reabsorption resulting to decreasw calcium and phosphate release

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50
Q

qchromosomes line up at a cells quator during which phase of mitosis?

A

metaphase

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51
Q

type of epithelium lines the oropharynx

A

stratified squamous epith

ps : also oral cavity, laryngopharyx, esophagus, vaginal canal, anal canal

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52
Q

organelle surrounded by double membrane

A

mitochondria

ps: power house of the cell

also nucleus: Double inner and outer membrane

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53
Q

Hassall’s copuscles are found in medulla of which gland?

A

medulla of thymus

  • consists of keratohyaline granules
    - where T cells matures
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54
Q

most abundant in the fovea centralis of the eyeball

A

cone cells

fovea centralis : located 2.5mm lateral to the optic disc

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55
Q

bone of superior wall (roof) of thr orbit

A

lesser wing of Sphenoid bone and

orbital plate of Frontal bone

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56
Q

tongue papillae which is affected that causes HAIR -LIKE appearance

A

filiform papillae

loss of filiform papillae results to glossitis

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57
Q

rotator cuff muscles

A

S.I.T.S. (except Major)

S upraspinatous
I nfraspinatous
T eres minor
S ubscapularis

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58
Q

brachial plexus of nerves arises from roots of anterios rami of spinal nerves

A

nerves C5 through C8 and T1

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59
Q

the right subclavian artery arises from the _____ and left subclavian artery arises from the ______.

A

brachiocephatlic artery: aortic arch

-subclavian artery becomes axillary artery crossing first rib, axillary artery vecomes brachial artery when it leaves axilla

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60
Q

the pulmonary vein of lung carries

A

oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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61
Q

a.k.a. mitral valve

A

left atrioventricular valve of the heart

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62
Q

aka tricuspid valve

A

right atrioventricular valve

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63
Q

Prevents swallowing air at the pharyngeal end of esophagus

A

Cricopharyngeus muscle of esophagus

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64
Q

pancreas is enveloped at its head by the

A

1st part of duodenum

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65
Q

gall bladder arises from the

A

Common hepatic duct

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66
Q

apex of medullary pyramid in the kidneyis called

A

renal papilla

ps: minor calix receices secretions from the renal papillae

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67
Q

lumen of GI Tract is lined with

A

mucosa

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68
Q

Gut-associated lymphoid tisse produces secretory ___

A

IgA

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69
Q

muscularis externa has third layer in fhe

A

stomach

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70
Q

portions of uriniferou tubules contains Squamous epithelial cells

A

thin segment of Henle’s loop

       CUBOIDAL EPITH.
  • PCT a.k.a thick decending segment
  • Thick ascending segment
  • DCT
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71
Q

dental lamina arises from

A

neural crest cells

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72
Q

the ___ differentiates into ameloblasts

A

inner enamel epithelium in the bell stage

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73
Q

the auricular hillocks are derived from the

A

first and second brachial arches

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74
Q

urinary filtrate is most hypotonic in the ____

A

DCT

ISOTONIC
-pct aka thick decending limb
HYPERTONIC
-thin decending limb of loop of henle

HYPOTONIC

  • thick ascending loop of henle
  • dct
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75
Q

reduction division occurs during the

A

first stage of meiosis

second stage : mirrors mitosis

note: ther is no third stage of meiosis

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76
Q

the embryo develops specifically from the

A

embronic disc

morula,blastocyst and trophoblast includes structures of extraembryonic coelem that will lead to development of amnion,vitelline sac and chorion

77
Q

tooth enamelis derived from

A

ectoderm

dentin and pulp : mesoderm

78
Q

olecranon fossa is located on the ____ surface of the ____.

A

posterior surface : humerus

79
Q

latissimus dorsi is supplied by

A

thoraco-dorsal nerve

80
Q

the middle trunk of brschial plecus of nerves arises from

A

C7

81
Q

ribs thst cannot be palpated

A

1st rib

82
Q

infection in the mndibular incisor with an apx below the mylohyoi muscle drains into which spaces

A

submental space

if apec is above mylohyoid muscle, it spreads to sublingual space

83
Q

spread of an odontogenic infection to ehich space MOST likely be considered life-threatening

A

Retropharyngeal space

-cause possible death

84
Q

median pharyngeal raphe serves as the attachment site of what muscle?

A

Superior constrictor muscle

85
Q

bones formed by Intramembranous ossification

A

frontal bone

endochondral ossifiction

  • vertebrae
  • ribs
  • clavicle
  • humerus
86
Q

inferior aspect of diaphragm is supplied with blood of what artery?

A

inferior phrenic arteries

87
Q

Addition to esophagus, which of the following structure passes through the diaphragm through the esophageal opening

A

Posterior and Posterior Vagal Trunks

88
Q

anteriolateral abdominal wall as belt or strap like muscle

A

rectus abdominis muscle

89
Q

there are ___ pairs of true ribs

A

7 pairs

false 8-10 pairs
floating 11- 12

90
Q

lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to

A

lateral surface of lateral pterygoid

note: medial pterygoid attaches to medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

91
Q

the massester originates from the

A

inferior boarder of zygomatic arch

92
Q

muscle adducts the vocsl cords

A

lateral cricoarythenoid

posterior cricoarythenoid abducts the vocal cords

93
Q

auriculotemporal nerve encicles to?

A

middle miningeal artery

94
Q 
all are found in the posterior triangle of the neck, except?
external jugular vein
subclavian
hypoglossal nerve
phrenic nerve
brachial plexus
A

hypoglossal nerve - found in submandibular triangle

95
Q

the trochlea of the humerus bone articulates with the

A

Ulna of the forearm

capitulum of humerus articulates with Radius of forearm

96
Q

the ___ is a component of juxtaglumerular apparatus which functions in regulation of Bloodpressure

A

macula densa

Function to produce urine

  • PCT
  • DCT
  • BOWMANS CAPSULE
  • GLOMERULUS
97
Q

Ureters travel inferiorly just ____ the parietal peritoneum of the posterior body wall. They pass ____ to the common iliac arteries as they enter pelvis

A

below : anterior

98
Q

the correct order of tooth formation

A

ameloblast form
odobtoblast form
odontoblast start to form dentin
ameloblast start to form enamel

99
Q

The cricopharyngeus muscle of esophagus

A

prevents swalloeing air at the pharyngeal end

100
Q

all of the following arteries are branches of the mandibular division of maxillary artery except one,which one is the exception?

incisive artery
submental artery
middle meningeal artery
mylohyoid artery
deep auricular artery
A

submental artery

101
Q

histology of trachea

A

cartilage is covered by a perichondrium

mucosa is covered by respiratory epithelium

102
Q

maxillary 1st molar palatal and ditobuccal root,
maxillary 2nd molar,
maxillary sinus is innervated by:

A

PSAN

nerve branch of maxillary nerve (CN V2)

103
Q

gland that secretes epinephrine, speciffically chromaffin cells,
that act as modified post ganglionic sympathetic neurons

A

Suprarenal Gland

-also produces norepinephrine

104
Q

dentin that is formed inresponse to trauma or other stimuli. example is caries,tooth wear or dental work

A

Tertiary dentin/Reactive/Reparative Dentin

105
Q

synthesis of all steroid hormones involves which of the following compounds

A

pregnenolone

106
Q

lipid micelles are stabilized by

A

hydrophobic interactions

107
Q 
which of rhe following carbohydrates is a ketose sugar?
galactose
frusctose
glucose
mannose
glyceraldehydes
A

fructose

  • keto sugar contains keto group
  • glyceral, mannose, glucose, galactose are aldoses contain aldehyde group
108
Q

hydrolysis of which compound yields urea?

A

arginine

-an amino acid that is deaminated to form orthinine primarily in the liver as part of urea cycle

109
Q

during exercise,which of the following is decresed?

oxidation of fatty acids
glucagon release
glycogenolysis
lipogenesis

A

lipogenesis

INCREASED TO PROVIDE ENERGY FOR. EXERCISING MUSCLES

  • oxidation of fatty acids
  • glucagon release
  • glycogenolysis
110
Q

which of the following is nit involved in gene cloning?

dna polymerase
dna ligase
rna polymerase
restriction endonuclease

A

rna polymerase

-all the other enzyme are required to synthesize and splice dna

111
Q

vitamin k serves as coenzyme for:

A

the carboxylation of inactive prothrombin to form active prothrombin

112
Q

chondroitin sulfate is a major component of ?

A

cartilage

  • most abundant gag in the body
  • GAG found in ligaments, tendon, cartilage
113
Q

a property of c fibers

A

have the slowest conduction velocity of any nerve fiber type

  • c fibers are smallest of the sensory and motor fibers
  • they are unmyelinated and have the slowest conduction velocity
114
Q

which of the following substances would you expect the renal clearance to be the lowest under normal conditions?

A

glucose

-renal clearance is the volume of plasmacomoletely cleared of a substance by the kidneys per unit of time,the renal clearance of glucose is usually 0

115
Q

which of the following does not occur to compensate for a fall in blood pressure below normal valves

A

decreased total peripheral resistance

  • it would produce greater refuctions in bp, due to baroreceptor reflex,cardiac heart rate would increase.
116
Q

The velocity of blood flow is;

A

higher in the veins than the venules

117
Q

which of the following is the end product of purine degradation in humans?

A

uric acid

118
Q

aspartame contains aspartic acid and which of the following amino acid?

A

phenylalanine

-aspartame is a peptide derivative composed of aspartic acid and phenylalanine

119
Q

which of the following is essential amino acid?

tyrosine
tryptophan
prolinr
serine
alanine
A

tryptophan

-

120
Q

the coenzyme essentisl for normal amino acid metabolism is

A

pyridoxal phosphate

121
Q

hydroxyappatite ____

A

if containing carbonate ion becomes more soluble

122
Q

monoamine oxidase (MAO) ____.

A

inactivates catecholamines by oxydative deamination

123
Q

which of the following mineralized tissues havr the greatestpercentsge of inorganic material?

A

enamel

124
Q

aldosterone _____.

A

stimulates Na+ reabsorption in the distal and collecting ducts

125
Q

the center that provides output to the respiratory muscles is located in the

A

medulla

126
Q

incdeasing radius of arterioles will increase?

A

capillary blood flow

127
Q

in which of the followingmight arterial blood pressure be abnormally high?

A

increases intracranial pressure

128
Q

major function of surfactant is to increase?

A

pulmonary compliance

129
Q

the gamma motor neurons control?

A

muscle spindles

130
Q

glucagon will decrese which of the ff?

glycogenolysis
gluconeogenesis
glycogenesis
blood pressure

A

glycogenesis

131
Q

blood levels of progesterone are highest during?

A

the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle

132
Q

enzymes found in the liver is involvedin gluconeogenesis during the postabsorptive state.

A

glucose 6 phosphatase

-glucose 6 phosphatse hydrolyzes glucose 6 phosphate to form free glucose as final step in gluconeogenesis

133
Q

increased formation of ketone bodies during fasting is a result of?

A

increased oxidationof fatty acids as a source of fuel

-

134
Q

genetic ds that results from deficiency in the liver enzyme that convertsa phenyalanine to tyrosine

A

phenylketonuria

  • PKU a inherited disorder of amino acid metabolism in which affected individual lacks enzyme to metabize phenylalanine.
135
Q

a condition that results in a defect in tyrosin metabolism and inability to produce melanin.

A

Albinism

136
Q

inherited disorder involving defects in heme synthesis

A

porphyria

137
Q

a disorder in the metabolism of homocysteine resulting in high levels of homocysteine and methioninein plasma and urine.

A

Homocystinuria

138
Q

phase which describes restrictions enzyme

A

site specific endonucleases

-restriction enzyme aka restriction endonucleases,these enzyme cleave DNA at specific sites to release fragments of DNA for further analysis and characterization by complementary probe.

139
Q

a tissue which is glucose transport into the cell unaffected by insulin

A

liver

-glucose transport in muscle and adipose tissue in under the influence of insulin sensitive glucose transporters.

140
Q

the coenzyme that serves as an imediate carrier of one caebon units in the synthesis of nucleic acids is?

A

tetrahydrofolic acid

-THA is the coenzyme form of folic avid required for synthesis of nucleic acid and normal cell division and replication

141
Q

the production of okazaki fragments, which is required to close the gap between fragments

A

DNA ligase

-dna ligase is required to ligate the fragments together. DNA and RNA polymerase are catalysts that synthesize DNA and RNA in a continous process.reverse transcriptase is ancenzyme found in viruses thst makes DNA bu using viral RNA

142
Q

amino acid that is positions every third residue in the primary structureof helical portion of collage - a chains

A

glycine

  • (due to its small size) fits into the smaller spaces of the peptide and is positioned at every third position in the chain
  • the most abundant AA in collagen is proline and glycine
143
Q 
which of the ff is not involved inthe process of mineralization?
matrix vesicles
amelogenins
fluoride
phosphoryns
A

fluoride

-although fluoride maybe incorporated in miniralized tissues, it is not required for the mineralization process

144
Q

produced by osteoblast and considered to be the initial site of mineralization

A

matrix vesicles

145
Q

protein in enamel that revulate crystalline growth

A

amelogenin

146
Q

initiator proteins that bind minerals to favilitae nucleation and crystal growth

A

phosphoryns

147
Q

both active transport and facilitated diffusion are characterized by which of the ff?

A

competitive inhibition
FD does not require energy and moves down a concentration gradient
-both active and FD are carrier mediated and therefore influenced by competitive inhibition

148
Q

responses due to the stimulatiln of a-adrenergic receptor

A

constriction of blood vessels in skin

149
Q

calcium that enters the cell during smooth muscle excitation binds with?

A

calmodulin

-it activates myosin kinase,which results in myosin cross linking and contrsction of smooth muscle

150
Q

a predominant immunoglobin in whole saliva

A

secretory IgA

151
Q

porphyrins use which AA in their synthesis?

A

cysteine

  • in initiat step of synthesis of porphyrin succinyl CoA and glycine are condensed in a rate limiting step in the liver
152
Q

proteoglycans present in extracellular space

A

heparin

  • hyaluronic acid is found in synovial fluid
  • dermatan sulfate in skin and blood vessel
  • keratan sulfate in loose connective tissue such as cornea
  • chondroitin sulfate in cartilage,ligamemts and tendon
153
Q 
hormones secreted by rhe posterior pituitary gland include?
prolactin
follicle stimulating hormone
lutenizing hormone
vasopressin
A

vassopressin

  • a.k.a. ADH ( ANTIDIURERIC HORMONE)
  • a peptide secreted from the porsterior pituitary in respone to increse in seeum osmolarity.
154
Q

the rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis

A

phosphofuctokinase

155
Q

the coenzyme essential for normal amino acid metabolism

A

pyridoxal phosphate

156
Q

when a metabolic activities is increased 1 hour after meal (during the absorptive state)

A

glycolysis

157
Q

what is the correct general structure of the backbone of DNA and RNA

A

sugars linked through phosphodiester linkages

  • the backbone of DNA RNA is composed of sugars (deoxyribose or ribose joined 3’ –> 5’
158
Q

the conversion of information from DNA into mRNA is called?

A

transcriotion

  • translation is the conversion of information rom mRNA inti protein.
  • transduction is the incorporation of genetic information carried by a virus into bacteria
159
Q 
which of th ff forms of thyroif hormone is most readily found in the circulation?
Tri- iodothyronine (t3)
Thyroxine (t4)
Thyroglobulin
TSH
A

thyroxine (T4)

160
Q

a hormone acts to stimulate its neighboring cell to divide. this hormonr would best be describe as belonging to which hirmones?
paracrine
autocrine
endocrine

A

paracrine
-a target tissue as cell close procimity to the secreting tissue

autocrine -cell that releases a factor which stimulates the cell from which it was released.
endocrine- are hormines that have an efect ata dital site in the body

161
Q

which of the following factors will not influence the rate at which a meal will leave a stomach

A

saline in the duodenum

-saline in the intestine will not affect gastric emptying

162
Q

the primary factor determining the percent of hemoglobin saturation is

A

blood PO²

163
Q

hypertension (long term) will be compensated by which renal mechanisms?

A

decrease circulating aldosterone

164
Q

the proces of active sodium transport in the ascending limn of the loop of Henle is absolutely essential for which processes?

A

regulation of water excretion

165
Q

CO² genenerated in the tissues is carried in venous blood primarily in which form?

A

CO² in the red blood cells

166
Q

which of the following participates in both fatty acid biosynthesis and b-ocidstion of fatty acids?

A

Acetyl CoA

167
Q

which process transport aminiacid cross the luminal surface of the epithelis that lines the small intestine?

A

co-transport with sodium ion

168
Q 
which of the following ions hss higher intracellulr conentrstion cemoared to the extracellular fluid?
Na+
k+
Cl-
HCO³-
Ca²+
A

K+

169
Q

what happens to net flyid filtration in the glomerylous when the plasma protein concentrstion is decreased?

A

net filtration (untrafiltration) increases

170
Q

which of tge following factors would result in decresed glomerular filtration rate

A

an obstruction on thr tubular ystem which would increase capsular hydrostatic pressure

171
Q

the minimum volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration is termed the____.

A

residual volume

172
Q

which of the ff DOES NOT release acetylcholine

A

sympathetic posthanglionic fibers that innervate the heart

173
Q

where are the temperature control centrrs located?

A

hypothalamus

174
Q 
if the molar percentage of guanine in a human DNA  is 30%,what is tha motor percentage of adenine in the molecule?
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
A

20%

175
Q

the most significant stimulant of th respiratoru center?

A

increased blood carbon dioxide tension

176
Q

relative or absolute ack of insulin in humans would result in which reaction in the liver?

a. increased glycogen synthesis
b. increased gluconeogenesis
c. decreased glycogen breakdown
d. increased amino acid uptake

A

increased gluconeogenesis

177
Q

the elevated in plasma during theabsorptive period (compared to the postabsorptive state)?

a. chylomicrons
b. acetoacetate
c. lactate
d. glucagon

A

chylomicrons

178
Q

insulin produces which changes in mammalian cells?

a. Increase in liver glycogen production
b. increase in blood glucose concentration
c. decrease in the transport of glucose into muscle
d. increase in the transport of glucose into the brain

A

increase in liver glycogen production

179
Q

function of RNA polymerase

A

synthesizes RNA 5’ –>3’

180
Q

analysis of DNA fragments (probing) is possibly due to which properties of DNA?

A

complimentary strands

181
Q

the amount of cytosine will be equal to the amount of guanine in which molecules?

A

DNA

182
Q

the conversion of information from DNA into mRNA is called?

A

transcription

183
Q

the energy for skwlwtal muscle contraction is derived from what processes?

A

cleavage ATP by myosin head

184
Q

muscle spindle stretchibg when the patellar tendon is tapped produces which responses?

A

muscle contracrion within muscle where the spindles are located

185
Q

expected to raise bloodpressure

A

a drug that inhibits the synthesis of nitric oxide

186
Q

which compound is produced in the hexose monophosphate (pentose phosphate) pathway?

A

NADPH

187
Q

What happens to net fluid filtration in the glumeroulus when plasma protein concentration is decrease?

a. Net filtration ( ultrafiltration ) increases
b. net filtration ( ultrafiltration ) decreases
c. net filtration remains uncharge
d. net filtration ceases

A

Net filtration ( ultrafiltration ) increases

188
Q

Which of the following factors would result in decreased glomerular filtration rate?

a. A fall in plasma protein concentration
b. an obstruction of the tubular system which would increase capsular hydrostatic pressure
c. Vasodilation of the afferent arterioles
d. Inulin administration

A

an obstruction of the tubular system which would increase capsular hydrostatic pressure

189
Q

which of the following statements regarding tubular reabsorption is TRUE?

a. Most calcium filtered is possibly reabsorb and not regulated under any conditions
b. Most urea is reabsorbed possibly and is unaffected by regulatory mechanism
c. Glucose is reabsorbed by secondary active transport and facilitated diffusion
d. Most filtered phosphate is reabsorbed in the collecting ducts and is unaffected by regulatory mechanisms

A

Glucose is reabsorbed by secondary active transport and facilitated diffusion

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