Morphology Flashcards
identify the morphology of this lesion
MACULE
examples of macules
freckles, flat moles, the rashes of rickettsial infections, rubella, measles
describe a macule
flat, circumscribed
<1cm in diameter
hypo or hyper pigmented
can be other colors (pink, red, violet)
identify the morphology of this lesion
patch
describe a patch
flat, circumscribed
>1cm in diameter
hypo or hyper pigmented
also other colors
a bigger macule
examples of a patch
tattoos, port-wine stains, cafe-au-lait spots
identify the morphology of this lesion
papule
describe a papule
elevated lesions
<1cm in diameter
palpable
thickening of epidermis and/or cells or deposits within dermis
may have secondary changes
distinguish from vesicle or pustule
what are examples of papules
nevi, warts, lichen planus, insect bites, seborrheic keratoses, actinic keratoses, some lesions of acne, and skin cancers
identify the morphology of this lesion
plaque
describe a plaque
elevated, circumscribed
>1 cm in diameter
elevation due to increased thickness of the epidermis and/or cells or deposits within the dermis
may have secondary changes (e.g. scale, crust)
bigger papule
what are examples of plaques?
Lesions of psoriasis and granuloma annulare
identify the morphology of this lesion
nodule
describe a nodule
elevated, circumscribed
larger volume than papule, often >2cm in diameter
involves the dermis, may extend to subcutis
greatest mass may be beneath the skin surface
what are some examples of nodules?
cysts, lipomas, and fibromas
identify the morphology of this lesion
vesicles
what are examples of vesicles?
herpes infections, acute allergic contact dermatitis
describe a vesicle
elevated, circumscribed
<1cm in diameter
primarily filled with clear fluid
may become pustular, umbilicated or an erosion
identify the morphology of this lesion
bulla
describe a bulla
elevated, circumscribed
>1cm in diameter
filled with clear fluid
what are some examples of bulla?
burns, bites, irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis, and drug reactions
identify the morphology of this lesion
pustule
describe a pustule
elevated, circumscrived
usually <1cm in diameter
filled primarily with purulent fluid
describe the morphology of this lesion
crust
dried serum, blood or pus
when is crusting often seen?
secondary skin changes from inflammatory or infectious skin diseases
describe the morphology of this lesion
scale
what 5 pruritic conditions present as macules/papules/plaques?
xerosis
atopic dermatitis
nummular dermatitis
seborrheic dermatitis
stasis dermatitis
what 3 pruritic conditions present as vesicles/bullae?
varicella zoster
dermatitis herpetiformis
bullous pemphigold
what pruritic condition present as wheals/hives?
urticaria
what secondary skin change is this?
excoriation
what secondary skin change is this?
loss of the epidermis and at least part of the dermis
infections, vasculitis etc.
what secondary skin change is this?
fissure
what secondary change is seen here?
erosion
what secondary skin change is seen here?
atrophy
what secondary skin change is seen here?
lichenification
what distribution pattern is seen here?
annular
what distribution pattern is seen here?
retiform
what distribution pattern is seen here?
serpiginous
what distribution pattern is seen here?
clustered
what distribution pattern is seen here?
reticulated
what distribution pattern is seen here?
linear
what skin pattern is seen here?
Blaschko’s lines
