Morphological Plan of the Lower Limb Flashcards
How does the lower limb compare with the upper limb?
Extensors are anterior
Flexors are posterior
Gluteus Maximus muscle
Extensor + lateral rotator
Origin: Ilium
Inserts: Gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
supports the extended knee
- Via iliotibial tract
Gluteus medius + minimus
Abductor + medial rotator
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve
Piriformis
Origin: Ant surface of sacrum
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Innervation: sacral plexus
function: laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint
Obturator internus, Sup and inf Gemelli, Quadratus femoris
Origin: ischium/ischiopubic ramus
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: sacral plexus
Name the 4 quadriceps muscles
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus Intermedius
Rectus femoris
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: extend knee and flexion of hip
Vastus intermedius, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis
Origin: femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Action: Extends knee
What is the iliotibial tract
thick fibrous band running on lateral side of thigh
Hamstrings
biceps femorii
semimembranesousus
semitendinosus
ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity.
INSERTION: tibia and femur
INNERVATION: tibial component of the sciatic nerve
biceps femoris muscle,
two heads:
the long head from the ischial
tuberosity
short head, which has an origin from the shaft of the femur.
Biceps
femoris inserts into the head of the fibula.
Great saphenous vein
Longest vein in body
Drains medial side of arch
Medial side of limb
Drains into femoral vein in femoral triangle
Short saphenous vein
Drains lateral side of arch
Pierces deep politeal fascia
Drains into popliteal vein
Lymphatic drainage of lower limbs
superficial inguinal nodes
deep inguinal nodes
