Morphine Sulfate Flashcards
Generic Name:
Morphine Sulfate
Supplied:
10mg/mL vial
Class:
Analgesic
Mechanism of Action:
- Alleviates pain by acting on the pain receptors in the brain; elevates pain threshold.
- Depresses central nervous system; depresses brainstem respiratory centers; decreases
responsiveness to changes in PaC02.
- Increases venous capacitance (venous pooling), vasodilates arterioles, reducing preload
and afterload.
- Histamine release.
Indications and Field Use:
- Analgesia
- Pulmonary edema (cardiogenic)
Contraindications:
- Respiratory depression
- Head injuries
- Elevated Intra cranial pressure
- Asthma, relative
- Abdominal pain, relative
Adverse Reactions:
CV: Brady or tachydysrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension
Resp: Respiratory depression or arrest
CNS: Excess sedation, seizures to coma and arrest, pupillary constriction
GI: Nausea and vomiting, GI spasm
Derm: Histamine release may cause local urticaria
Incompatibilities/Drug Interactions:
CNS side effects (including respiratory depression) can be reversed by naloxone.
Adult Dosage: IV Dose:
Administer 1 - 3 mg increments slow IV PUSH (over 1 - 5 minutes) until desired effect.
Pediatric Dosage:
0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg slow IV PUSH
Routes of Administration:
Usually given IV in the field, can be given IM or SC.
Onset of Action:
Seconds
Peak Effects:
20 minutes
Duration of Action:
2 - 4 hours
Arizona Drug Box Minimum Supply:
20 mg
Special Notes:
- Schedule II narcotic.
- Watch for histamine effects (wheals, urticaria) proximal to IV site; contact medical
control
- Correct hypotension before administration.
- Maximum respiratory depression 7-10 minutes after administration; can be reversed with naloxone; use caution in patients with emphysema.
- Infusions: IV infusions of morphine sulfate may be transported, however an infusion pump is required.
