More Specific Human Osteology & Dentition Flashcards
How many bones are in the cranium?
21 outwardly visible bones & 6 ear ossicles
What is the forehead bone?
frontal
What are the cheekbone bones?
zygomatic (2)
Bones of the upper teeth?
maxillae (2)
Bones of the very back of the mouth?
palatine (2)
Bones covered with scent smelling tissue?
nasal conchae (2)
Plate in the nose?
vomer
What are the bones of the cranium?
frontal, parietal (2), occipital, temporal (2), zygomatic (2), maxillae (2), palatine (2), nasal (2), nasal conchae (2), vomer, lacrimals (2), ethmoid, sphenoid, ear ossicles (6)
obliteration
when sutures are fused so much that the line disappears
Sagittal suture
separates parietal bones
Coronal suture
separates frontal from parietals (headband)
Lambdoid suture
separates occipital from parietals (triangular)
What are cranial landmarks used for?
description and measurement
Sinuses
pockets of air within some cranial bones
Why are the frontal sinuses important?
they form uniquely to each other, also a pretty common x-ray view
Hyloid
located below lower jay
Sternum
very front of rib cage
What are the three parts of the sternum
manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
How many ribs to humans have?
24 ribs
What are the three parts of a rib bone?
body, neck, and head (attachment to the vertebrae)
What are the five types of vertebra in the vertical column?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx
What are the smallest vertebrae near the top called?
cervical
What are the vertebrae that attach to the ribs called?
thoracic
What are the vertebrae of the lower back called?
lumbar
What are the two sections of a vertevrae?
body and neural arch
What are the two bones of the shoulder girdle?
clavicle and scapula
What is the socket of the scapula called?
glenoid fossa
What are the three long bones of the upper limb called?
humerus, radius, and ulna
What are the three parts of the humerus?
head, trochlea (knobby bit), olecranon fossa (back of elbow)
What are the three parts of the radius?
head (rounded), styloid process (pointy), ulnar notch (for wrist connection)
What are the three parts of the ulna?
head, olecranon process (lock), and radial notch (where radius is held)
How many hand bones are there?
27
What are the three types of hand bones and their quantity?
carpals (8), metacarpals (5), phalanges (14)
What are the bones of the pelvic girdle?
os coxae, sacrum, coccyx
What are the three parts of the os coxae?
Ilium (blade), ischium (bottom), puris, acetabulum (socket)
What are the four lower limb bones?
femur, patella, tibia, and fibula
What are the four parts of the femur?
head (ball), neck, shaft, condyles (bottom)
How is the tibia recognizable?
looks like a capital “T”
What are the three parts of the tibia?
tuberosity (pointy), anterior crest, medial malleolus (bottom knobby bit)
What is the significant part of the fibula?
lateral malleolus
What are the types of feet bones and their quantity?
tarsals (7), metatarsals (5), phalanges (14)
What are the five parts of teeth?
crown, neck, roots, enamel, and dentin
How many teeth does an adult human have?
32
How many teeth do children have?
20
