Moral Psychology Flashcards
1
Q
moral foundations (CFALSL)
A
- care/harm
- fairness/cheating
- authority/opression or subversion
- loyalty/betrayal
- sanctity/degradation
- liberty/subversion
2
Q
moral foundations theorists
A
- Jonathan Haidt
- Jesse Graham
3
Q
care/harm
A
- result of evolution as mammals with attachment systems
- ability to feel (and dislike) the pain of others
- kindness
- gentleness
- nurturance.
4
Q
fairness/cheating
A
- related to the evolutionary process of reciprocal altruism.
- generates ideas of justice, rights, and autonomy
- originally, fairness included concerns about equality (more strongly endorsed by political liberals)
- reformulated to emphasize proportionality, which is endorsed by everyone (more strongly endorsed by conservatives)
5
Q
loyalty/betrayal
A
- related to our long history as tribal creatures able to form shifting coalitions
- underlies virtues of patriotism and self-sacrifice for the group
- active anytime people feel that it’s “one for all, and all for one.”
6
Q
authority/subversion
A
- shaped by our long primate history of hierarchical social interactions
- underlies virtues of leadership and followership
- deference to legitimate authority and respect for traditions
7
Q
sanctity/degradation
A
- shaped by the psychology of disgust and contamination
- underlies religious notions of striving to live in an elevated, less carnal, more noble way
- underlies the widespread idea that the body is a temple which can be desecrated by immoral activities and contaminants
8
Q
liberty/oppression
A
- about the feelings of reactance and resentment people feel toward those who dominate them and restrict their liberty
- intuitions are often in tension with those of the authority foundation
- hatred of bullies and dominators motivates people to come together, in solidarity, to oppose or take down the oppressor.
- libertarianism and liberty.
9
Q
utility function
A
- a mathematical function which ranks alternatives according to their utility to an individual
- examples includes utilitarian choose who dies and who to share risk fitness to share with
10
Q
socioeconomic status (SES)
A
- measure of a person’s work experience and of an individual’s or family’s economic and social position in relation to others
- based on income, education, and occupation
11
Q
1st principle of moral psychology (Haidt)
A
- social intuitionist model
- intuitions come first, strategic reasoning comes second
- David Hume contribution: escaping rationalism
- Glaucon: showing the importance of reputation and external constraints for maintaining order
12
Q
2nd principle of moral psychology
A
- there is more to morality than harm and fairness
- righteous mind like a tongue with multiple taste recepters
- Richard Schwader: broadening understanding of the moral domain
- Durkheim: value loyalty authority, sanctity
13
Q
3rd principle of moral psychology
A
- morality binds and blinds us
- we are selfish & groupish
- 90 percent chimp & 10 percent bee
- religion creates moral communitys
- promoting fitness
- Charles Darwin: theory of evolution
- multi level selection
- Emile Durkeim: we are homo duplex
- part of our nature formed by group level selection
14
Q
conservatives
A
- greater tolerance of inequality
- less tolerant to change
- greater conscientiousness
- greater sensitivity to disgust
15
Q
liberals
A
- more open to ne experiences
- more empathetic
