Moor problems

Question 1

Igneous characteristics

Answer 1

Example - Granite, Basalt, Pumice etc
Igneous rock - crystalline or glassy rocks formed by the cooling and solidification of molten earth material ( magma )
Characteristics:
* dense
* hard
* resistant to erosion
* found underground

Question 2

Weathering processes

Answer 2

Biological weathering - caused by the movements of plants and animals. E.g , a plant may grow in a crack in a rock and , as it’s roots grow, cause the crack to widen .
Chemical weathering - describes the process of chemicals in rainwater making changes to the minerals in a rock. E.g, Carbon dioxide from the air dissolving in rainwater, making it slightly acidic, which then causes a reaction when the rainwater comes into contact with minerals in the rock
Physical weathering - when physical processes affect the rock, such as changes in temperature or when the rock is exposed to the effects of wind, rain and waves. E.g, water can get into the cracks and if it freezes, the ice will expand and push the cracks apart.

Question 3

Biosphere

Answer 3

The biosphere is made up of the parts of Earth where life exists. The biosphere extends from the deepest root systems of trees to the dark environment of ocean trenches, to lush rain forests and high mountaintops.

Question 4

Asthenosphere

Answer 4

Zone of the Earth which lies beneath the lithosphere. Intrusion is when igneous rock forms underground. Igneous rock is not prone to erosion and weathering

Question 5

Atmosphere and hydrosphere

Answer 5

Higher grounds - lower temperatures, higher rainfall. This makes it hard for forests to grow and thrive. Rock lying on the ground is transported away to rivers via the wind, if the rocks are small enough. High rainfall can also react with the rock , leading to chemical weathering and acidic soils

Question 6

Lithosphere

Answer 6

As rainfall increases, levels of weathering also increase. Leaching is when nutrients are washes out of the soil. When saturated ground is heavy ( waterlogged ), slopes begin to move downhill due to gravity. This is mass movement. Water can also get in the cracks of rocks and if they freeze, pushes outwards, breaking the rock ( freeze-thaw )

Question 7

Anthroposphere

Answer 7

The anthroposphere is that part of the environment that is made or modified by humans for use in human activities and human habitats. For example, granite is used for construction to make historic buildings, so mining of granite is common. Transport and communication infrastructure is difficult to build in highland landscapes