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Stage 3: EJR - Mental Health > Mood disorders > Flashcards

Mood disorders Flashcards

1
Q

ICD-10: 3 core symptoms for depression

A
  1. Depressed mood
  2. Anhedonia
  3. Decreased energy/ increased fatigue
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2
Q

ICD-10: other non-core symptoms of depression

A
  1. decreased concentration
  2. decreased self-esteem, confidence
  3. decreased appetite
  4. thoughts of guilt, worthlessness
  5. thoughts of self-harm/ suicide
  6. disturbed sleep
  7. psychomotor changes
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3
Q 
According to ICD-10, what is 
-mild
-moderate
-severe 
depression
A

Mild = 2 core + >2 other symptoms

Moderate = 2 core + >3 other symptoms

Severe = 3 core + >4 other symptoms

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4
Q

ICD-10: 7 symptoms of hypomania

4 behaviour changes, 3 habit changes

A

BEHAVIOUR

  1. ++ Activity, physical restlessness
  2. ++ Talkativeness
  3. ++ distracted
  4. Over-friendly

HABITS

  1. Decreased need for sleep
  2. ++ Sexual energy
  3. Mild overspending
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5
Q

ICD-10: 9 symptoms of mania

4 behaviour changes, 5 habit/ thought changes

A

BEHAVIOUR

  1. Increased activity, physical restlessness
  2. Increased talkativeness, pressure of speech
  3. Distractibility, constant change of plan
  4. Loss of social inhibition

HABITS/ THOUGHTS

  1. Flights of ideas OR subjective experience of thoughts
  2. Decreased need for sleep
  3. Inflated self esteem
  4. Reckless behaviour eg spending, driving
  5. Increased sexual energy
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6
Q

5 types of depression drugs

A
  1. SSRIs
  2. SNRIs
  3. Atypical antidepressants
  4. MAO inhibitors
  5. TCA
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7
Q

Most serious complication of MAO inhibitors

A

Hypertensive crisis (fatal)

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8
Q

Most serious complication of TCA

A

Overdose –> cardiac arrhythmia –> death

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9
Q

What are some mood stabilisers that can be used in depression

A
  • Lithium
  • Sodium valproate
  • Lamotrigine
  • Carbamazepine
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10
Q

If a woman is pregnant but needs mood stabilisers, what can be given instead

A

Antipsychotics (not teratogenic)

eg Olanzepine

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11
Q

Describe the monoamine theory of depression

A
  • low serotonin

- low noradrenaline

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12
Q

What psychomotor changes might be seen in severe depression

A
  1. retardation (of speech, movement)
  2. agitation
  3. depressive stupor (sitting motionless and mute, treated with ECT)
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13
Q

What psychomotor changes might be seen in severe depression

A
  1. retardation (of speech, movement)
  2. agitation
  3. depressive stupor (sitting motionless and mute, treated with ECT)
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14
Q

What psychomotor changes might be seen in severe depression

A
  1. retardation (of speech, movement)
  2. agitation
  3. depressive stupor (sitting motionless and mute, treated with ECT)
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15
Q

What psychotic symptoms might be seen in severe depression

A
  1. 2nd person auditory hallucinations
  2. Nihilistic delusions
  3. Delusions of guilt, persecution, impending catastrophe
  4. Cotard’s syndrome (believing that part of them is dead)
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16
Q

What drugs can increase risk of depression?

Which is the most common cause

A
  1. STEROIDS (most common)
  2. Calcium channel blockers
  3. Beta blockers
  4. Digoxin
  5. Opiates
17
Q

Define dysthymia

A

Chronic mild depression that doesn’t meet severity criteria for depressive episodes/ recurrent depression

(onset often in adolescence)

18
Q

Define cyclothymia

A
  • Mood swings less severe, last longer than in those with full bipolar disorder
  • Potential to develop into full bipolar disorder
19
Q

Define bipolar 1

A
  • At least 1 high/manic episode, which last >1week

* May only have MANIA, or may have MANIA + depression

20
Q

Define bipolar 2

A
  • More than 1 episode of severe depression

* Only HYPOmanic episodes

21
Q

If untreated, how long would mania and depression last in a bipolar person

A 
Mania = 3-6 months
Depression = 6-12 months
22
Q

What bloods would you do for depression and bipolar

A
  • FBC (check for anaemia)
  • TFTs (hypothyroidism)
  • Calcium (hypocalcaemia)
  • BM (diabetes can cause fatigue)
  • LFTs, UnEs (baseline before starting SSRIs, lithium)
23
Q

What drugs can increase risk of mania?

A
  • Steroids
  • L-DOPA
  • Isoniazid
  • Anti-cholinergics
  • Cocaine
  • Amphetamine
24
Q

Define mixed affective state disorder

A

Depressive + mania symptoms but not severe enough to diagnose either

25
Q

When does maternity blues happen?

What causes it?

A

Starts and ends a few days after childbirth.

Caused by rapid hormonal changes

26
Q

When does puerperal depression happen?

A

Within 1 month of childbirth

27
Q

When does puerperal psychosis happen?

A

Within 2-14 days of childbirth

28
Q

What is the normal lithium range in a blood test?

A

0.6-1 mmol/L

29
Q

What must TFTs and UnEs be checked before starting lithium?

A

Lithium can cause

  • hypothyroidism
  • kidney failure
30
Q

Which mood stabiliser can cause Steven Johnsons syndrome

A

Lamotrigine

31
Q

How might lithium lead to lethargy and constipation

A

Lithium can lead to hypothyroidism

Stage 3: EJR - Mental Health (8 decks)

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