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Stage 3: EJR - Mental Health > Anxiety disorders > Flashcards

Anxiety disorders Flashcards

1
Q

3 main subtypes of anxiety

A
  1. Generalised
  2. Panic (paroxysmal)
  3. Phobic
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2
Q

What is state anxiety vs trait anxiety?

A

State anxiety = temporary stress in the face of threats

Trait anxiety = tendency to get stressed in anticipation of threats

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3
Q

According to ICD-10, how long should symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder have lasted for?

A

At least 6 months

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4
Q

ICD-10 criteria for generalised anxiety disorder

A
  • Prominent worry about everyday events
  • At least 1 symptom of autonomic arousal
  • 3 other symptoms
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5
Q

4 symptoms of autonomic arousal in anxiety

A
  1. Palpitations
  2. Sweating
  3. Shaking/ tremor
  4. Dry mouth
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6
Q

5 Chest/ abdominal anxiety symptoms

A
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Choking feeling
  • Chest/ abdo pain
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhoea
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7
Q

3 Neuro anxiety symptoms

A
  • Dizzy
  • Headache
  • Concentration difficulties
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8
Q

5 Tension anxiety symptoms

A
  • Muscle tension, aches, pains
  • Restlessness
  • Feeling on edge
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Lump in throat
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9
Q

6 General anxiety symptoms

  • mood
  • fears
  • interaction with environment
A
  • Easily startled
  • Persistent irritability
  • Fear of dying
  • Fear of losing control
  • Derealization
  • Depersonalisation
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10
Q

What does derealisation mean

A

Feeling like surroundings are not real

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11
Q

What does depersonalisation mean

A

Feeling like self is not real

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12
Q

Lack of which neurotransmitters is involved in anxiety

A

GABA, serotonin, noradrenaline

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13
Q

According to ICD-10, how long must attacks have happened for a diagnosis of panic disorder

A

At least 1 month

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14
Q

ICD-10 criteria for panic disorder

A
  1. Discrete episode of intense fear or discomfort
  2. Starts abruptly
  3. Reaches a crescendo within a few minutes & lasts a few minutes
  4. At least 1 autonomic symptom
  5. Other symptoms (in GAD)
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15
Q

What is agoraphobia vs social phobia

A

Agoraphobia = fear of crowds, travelling alone

Social phobia = fear of being the focus of attention

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16
Q

According to ICD-10, how long must symptoms be present for a diagnosis of OCD

A

At least 2 weeks

17
Q

4 features of obsessions or compulsions

A
  1. Failure to resist
  2. Originate from patient’s mind (no external influence)
  3. Repetitive, distressing, unreasonable
  4. Carrying out obsession/ compulsion is not in itself pleasurable, but reduces anxiety
18
Q

What is an acute stress reaction

A
  • After exceptional stress (eg road traffic accident)

- Onset within 1h, resolves within 48h

19
Q

Difference between PTSD and Adjustment disorder

A

PTSD = significant life-threatening trauma

Adjustment disorder = psychosocial stressor eg loss of job/ relationship

20
Q

In PTSD, onset of symptoms must occur within how many months?

A

Within 6 months of event

21
Q

ICD-10 criteria for PTSD

A
  1. Stressful event
  2. Persistent reliving of event
  3. Avoiding similar situations
  4. Inability to recall important aspects of exposure to stressor OR persistent psychological sensitivity, arousal
22
Q

What kind of symptoms does a PTSD patient who is reliving the event experience

A
  1. Flashbacks
  2. Nightmares
    (triggered by similar situations)
23
Q

What kind of symptoms might an emotionally numb PTSD patient experience

A
  1. Detachment
  2. Anhedonia
  3. Negative thoughts about oneself
24
Q

In adjustment disorder, what is the time period for symptoms?

A

Onset within 1 month

Present for less than 6 months

25
Q

ICD-10 criteria for somatisation disorder

A
  1. At least 2 years of unexplained physical symptoms
  2. Symptoms causes physical distress –> repeated medical consultations & investigations
  3. Continuous refusal to accept reassurance from doctors that there is no physical cause
  4. 6 or more symptoms
26
Q

Explain dissociative (conversion) disorder

A
  1. Disruption of normal conscious functions (eg memory, sensation, movement)
  2. No organic explanation for symptoms (likely psychological)
  3. Acute cause

eg dissociative amnesia (loss of short term memory)

Stage 3: EJR - Mental Health (8 decks)

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