Mood Disorders

Question 1

Risk factors for suicide

Answer 1

Psychological disorder, social factors (economic recession, media reports of suicide, social isolation), psychological models (problem-solving deficit, hopelessness, life satisfaction, impulsivity), neurobiological models (heritability, low levels of serotonin, overly reactive HPA axis)

Question 2

Psychological treatment of depression

Answer 2

Interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, behavioral activation

Question 3

Psychological treatment of bipolar disorders

Answer 3

Psychoeducational approach and family-focused treatment

Question 4

Biological treatment of mood disorder

Answer 4

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression (TMS)

Question 5

Cognitive theories of depression

Answer 5

Hopelessness theory, rumination theory, Beck’s theory

Question 6

What is the role of neurotransmitters in the etiology mood disorders?

Answer 6

MDD: low levels of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine
Mania: low levels of serotonin, high levels of norepinephrine and dopamine
New models focus on the sensitivity of the post synaptic receptor

Question 7

Types of bipolar disorders and depressive disorders

Answer 7

Bipolar I, bipolar II, cyclothymia, major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Question 8

MDD specifiers

Answer 8

Episodic, recurrent and subclinical depression

Question 9

Characteristics of MDD

Answer 9

Sad moor or anhedonia and 4 other symptoms for at least 2 weeks

Question 10

Characteristics of persistent depressive disorder

Answer 10

Low mood and at least 2 other symptoms of depression at least half of the time for 2 years

Question 11

Characteristics of premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Answer 11

Mood symptoms in the week before menses

Question 12

Characteristics of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Answer 12

Severe recurrent temper outbursts and persistence negative mood for at least 1 year beginning before age 10

Question 13

Characteristics of bipolar I disorder

Answer 13

At least 1 lifetime maniac episode

Question 14

Characteristics of bipolar II disorder

Answer 14

At least 1 lifetime hypomanic episode and 1 major depressive episode

Question 15

Characteristics of cyclothymia

Answer 15

Recurrent mood changes from high to low for at least 2 years, without hypomanic or depressive episodes