Mood disorder Flashcards
A person experiences persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and difficulty sleeping for more than two weeks. This condition is most likely:
a) Bipolar Disorder
b) Major Depressive Disorder
c) Persistent Depressive Disorder
d) Cyclothymic Disorder
Answer: b) Major Depressive Disorder
Which of the following is a characteristic of Bipolar I Disorder?
a) Recurrent episodes of major depression without mania
b) At least one manic episode
c) Persistent mild depressive symptoms for two years
d) Hypomanic episodes without major depressive episodes
Answer: b) At least one manic episode
A person alternates between hypomanic episodes and mild depressive symptoms over two years. This is consistent with:
a) Cyclothymic Disorder
b) Bipolar II Disorder
c) Persistent Depressive Disorder
d) Major Depressive Disorder
Answer: a) Cyclothymic Disorder
In Major Depressive Disorder, which symptom is classified as a somatic symptom?
a) Feelings of worthlessness
b) Fatigue or loss of energy
c) Difficulty concentrating
d) Recurrent thoughts of death
Answer: b) Fatigue or loss of energy
A person with Bipolar II Disorder must experience:
a) At least one manic episode
b) Hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes
c) Persistent mild depressive symptoms
d) Recurrent episodes of mania and hypomania
Answer: b) Hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes
The neurotransmitter most associated with depression is:
a) Acetylcholine
b) Dopamine
c) Serotonin
d) Glutamate
Answer: c) Serotonin
Which of the following is a common cognitive distortion in depression?
a) Catastrophizing
b) Overgeneralization
c) Personalization
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) is distinguished from Major Depressive Disorder by:
a) The presence of manic episodes
b) Chronic, less severe depressive symptoms
c) A shorter duration of symptoms
d) A higher prevalence of psychotic features
Answer: b) Chronic, less severe depressive symptoms
A manic episode is characterized by all of the following except:
a) Increased energy or activity
b) Grandiosity
c) Persistent feelings of worthlessness
d) Decreased need for sleep
Answer: c) Persistent feelings of worthlessness
Which psychological theory explains depression as resulting from learned helplessness?
a) Psychodynamic theory
b) Behavioral theory
c) Cognitive theory
d) Sociocultural theory
Answer: b) Behavioral theory
In mood disorders, rapid cycling refers to:
a) Frequent mood changes within a single day
b) The occurrence of four or more mood episodes in a year
c) Alternation between mania and depression within hours
d) Seasonal patterns of mood changes
Answer: b) The occurrence of four or more mood episodes in a year
Seasonal Affective Disorder is often linked to:
a) Genetic predisposition
b) Lack of exposure to sunlight
c) Traumatic life events
d) Overactivation of the hypothalamus
Answer: b) Lack of exposure to sunlight
Which of the following is an evidence-based treatment for Bipolar Disorder?
a) Lithium
b) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
c) Benzodiazepines
d) Antipsychotics only
Answer: a) Lithium
Beck’s Cognitive Triad refers to negative views of:
a) The self, the world, and the future
b) The past, present, and future
c) Relationships, emotions, and behavior
d) Goals, achievements, and failures
Answer: a) The self, the world, and the future
Which of the following distinguishes hypomania from mania?
a) Hypomania lasts longer than mania
b) Hypomania does not cause significant functional impairment
c) Mania is less intense than hypomania
d) Hypomania involves psychotic features
Answer: b) Hypomania does not cause significant functional impairment
