Monocytopoiesis

Question 1

Write out the process

Answer 1

Pluripotential stem cell
Myeloid committed stem cell (GEMM)
HPPCFC type 1
Hppcfc type 2
CFC-EOS| CFC-BAS| CFC-GM —> CFC M
Monoblast
Promonocyte
Monocyte
Monocyte macrophage mononuclear cells

Question 2

Monocytes, when they leave the blood into the tissue, become specialized cells.

Those that migrate to the liver become

Answer 2

Kupffer cells.

Question 3

Spleen

Answer 3

Follicular Dendritic Cells

Question 4

Lungs

Answer 4

Pulmonary alveolar macrophages

Question 5

Brain

Answer 5

Glial cells

Question 6

Lymphatics

Answer 6

Veil cells

Question 7

Kidneys

Answer 7

Mesengial cells

Question 8

Skin

Answer 8

Langerhan cells

Question 9

Back to the bone marrow

Answer 9

histiocytes or
bone marrow macrophages.

Question 10

All these different tissue systems are known as?

Answer 10

Monocyte macrophage mononuclear system cells

Formerly reticuloendothelial cells

Question 11

Function of monocyte

Answer 11

1. Opsonization
2. Phagocytosis of damaged cells or foreign cells that find their way into d different tissues in which they are located.

Question 12

This system Of cells weakens with age because they are divided into 2 groups

Answer 12

Goup 1
MMMSC that contain continued mitotic division & enrich the tissue where they are
with monocyte to provide monocyte dependent functions

The other group 2 are incapable of mitosis. Once formed continue to function to archive dust, fungal infections chronic/ bactentas infection & later on they can’t archive insult of microorganism

This is why with age, immune functions decline and elderly people have increased risk of chronic bacterial and fungal illnesses

Question 13

The most important characteristic of monocytes is that they express on their membrane FC-fragment receptors and are as such able to identify any other cell that have altered immunoglobulins deposited on them.

Answer 13

The immunoglobulin on bacterial or microbial surface is recognized as opsonin by the monocyte or monocyte-derived cell.
The monocyte also has, in addition to Fc fragment receptor, the C3b receptor. When a microbial agent is opsonized, the altered Fc fragment, depending on the type of immunoglobulin, is also capable of activating complement proteins, which generate C3b, which is deposited on the membrane of the microbial agent. Thus, the monocyte can identify the microbial agent either by identifying the immunoglobulin with Fc fragment receptor, or by C3b.