Monoclonal antibodies Flashcards
How are monoclonal antibodies created?
Somatic cell hybridization:
Fusion of myeloma cells with spleen cells from a mouse that has been immunised with the desired antigen.
The resulting fused cells are termed a hybridoma and act as a ‘factory’ for producing monoclonal antibodies.
What is the main limitation to somatic cell hybidisation in the production of monoclonal antibodies and how is this overcome?
Mouse antibodies are immunogenic leading to the formation of human anti-mouse antibodies. This is overcome by combining the variable region from the mouse body with the constant region from a human antibody.
What is infliximab used in? How does it work?
RA, Crohns, Psoriasis.
Anti-TNF
What is ritiximab?
Anti-CD20 used in non-hodgkins lymphoma and RA/
What is cetuximab?
Epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist used in metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer.
What is trastuzumab?
HER2/neu receptor antagonist used in metastatic breast cancer.
What is alemtuzutab?
Anti-CD52 used in chronic lymphotocytic leukaemia
What is abicimab?
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist used to prevent ischaemic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions
What is OKT3?
Anti-CD3 used to prevent organ transplant rejection.
What is the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist used to prevent ischaemic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions?
Abicimab
What is the anti-CD52 used in chronic lymphotocytic leukaemia?
Alemtuzutab
What is the her2/neu receptor antagonist used in metastatic breast cancer?
Trastuzumab
What is the epidermal growth factor receptor antogonist used in metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer?
Cetuximab
What is the anti-CD20 used in RA and non-hodgkins lymphoma?
Ritiximab
What is the anti-TNF agent used for RA, psoriasis and Crohns?
Infliximab
