Insulin Regimens Flashcards
What is a biphasic regimen?
Injections of short-acting insulin or rapid-acting insulin analogue mixed with intermediate acting insulin. They may be mixed by the person at the time of injection, or a premixed product can be used.
A premixed preparation of insulin ANALOGUES would be:
Humalog and Novomix
A premixed human insulin preparation would be:
Humulin and Insuman
What is a multiple daily injection basal-bolus insulin regimen?
Injections of short-acting or rapid-acting insulin before meals, together with one or more sep daily injections of intermediate-acting insulin or long-acting insulin analogue to cover basal requirements.
What is the recommended insulin regimen for people with type 1 diabetes?
Multiple daily injection basal-bolus insulin regimens are recommended for adults with type 1 diabetes.
(Non-basal-bolus insulin regimens [that is, twice-daily mixed biphasic, basal-only, or bolus-only regimens] are not recommended for people with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.)
For people with type 1 diabetes, what form of insulin should be offered twice-daily for basal requirements?
When would an alternative be offered?
Twice-daily insulin detemir (Levemir) should be offered twice-daily for basal requirements.
Unless already hitting targets, twice daily not acceptable.
For people with type 1 diabetes using the recommended multiple daily injection basal-bolus regimen, what form should the insulin used for bolus/mealtime insulin replacement be?
Rapid-acting insulin analogue before meals rather than rapid-acting soluble human or animal insulin.
If a multiple daily injection basal-bolus insulin regimen is not possible for someone with type 1 diabetes, what other option is there?
A twice-daily human mixed regimen
What is the brand name of insulin detemir?
What type of insulin is this?
What is it used for?
Levemir
it is a long-acting insulin analogue used as part of multiple injection basal-bolus insulin regimen for the twice-daily basal requirements.
Humalog and Novomix are examples of what type of insulin?
Insulin analogues.
Novomix:
Insulin aspart is a fast-acting insulin analog marketed by Novo Nordisk as NovoLog/NovoRapid. It is a manufactured form of human insulin; where a single amino acid has been exchanged.
Humalog:
Insulin lispro, sold under the brand name Humalog among others, is a fast acting insulin analog. It was first approved for use in the United States in 1996, making it the first insulin analog to enter the market.
What is insulin aspart?
Insulin aspart is a fast-acting insulin analog marketed by Novo Nordisk as NovoLog/NovoRapid. It is a manufactured form of human insulin; where a single amino acid has been exchanged.
What is insulin lispro?
Humalog:
Insulin lispro, sold under the brand name Humalog among others, is a fast acting insulin analog. It was first approved for use in the United States in 1996, making it the first insulin analog to enter the market.
What does NICE recommend for treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes?
Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin also known as isophane insuline injected once or twice daily according to need.
NPH (isophane insulin) plus a short-acting insulin should be condisered (esp if HbA1c is 75mmol/mol [9.0%] or higher)
What brands of isophane insulin (NPH) are available to treat patients as per first line NICE recommendations?
Neutral Protamine Hagedorn insulin/isophane insulin. Brands: Humulin Hypurin Bovine/Porcine Isophane Insulatard Insuman
What are the 3 fast-acting insulin analogues (and their brands)?
Glulisine (Apidra)
Aspart (NovoRapid/NovoLog)
Lispro (Humalog)
