Monoamine Neurotransmitters

Question 1

What are monoamine neurotransmitters?

Answer 1

Neurotransmitters derived from amino acids.

Question 2

Neurotransmitters derived from amino acids

Answer 2

Monoamines

Question 3

Catecholamines

Answer 3

Derived from Tyrosine

Dopamine and Norepinephrine

Question 4

Dopamine and Norepinepherine are what kind of monoamines

Answer 4

Catecholamines

Question 5

Derived from Tyrosine

Answer 5

Catecholamines

Question 6

Indolamines

Answer 6

Derived from tryptophan

Serotonin

Question 7

Which enzyme turns tyrosine into l-dopa?

Answer 7

Tyrosine hydroxylase

Question 8

Tyrosine Hydroxylase

Answer 8

The first enzyme in the anabolic pathway of catecholamine Changes tyrosine to l-dopa.

Question 9

What is the second step of the catecholamine anabolic pathway?

Answer 9

l-dopa is converted to Dopamine with the use of dopa decarboxylase

Question 10

Which enzyme converts L-Dopa into Dopamine?

Answer 10

Dopa Decarboxylase

Question 11

Dopa Decarboxylase

Answer 11

Converts L-Dopa into Dopamine

Question 12

What is the third step of the anabolic pathway (if it continues)?

Answer 12

Dopamine Beta Hydroxylase converts Dopamine into Norepinephrine.

Question 13

Dopamine Beta Hydroxylase

Answer 13

Converts Dopamine into norepinephrine

Question 14

What is the rate limiting step in the anabolic path way of catecholemines?

Answer 14

The conversion of tyrosine into l-dopa.

Question 15

Where is DBH located?

Answer 15

inside the synaptic vessicles of noradrenergic neurons.

Question 16

What process controls the rate at which tyrosine hydroxylase works?

Answer 16

end-product inhibition

Question 17

Which enzymes are involved in the break down of Dopamine and Norepinephrine?

Answer 17

MAO and COMT

Question 18

What is the end product of the break down of dopamine by COMT?

Answer 18

homovanillic acid

Question 19

What is the end product of the break down of norepinephrine with the use of COMT?

Answer 19

3-methoxy, 4-hydroxyphenethyline glycol (MHPG)

Question 20

What is the end product of the break down of dopamine by MAO?

Answer 20

Homovanillic acid

Question 21

What is the main dopaminergic pathway?

Answer 21

Nigro-striatal pathway in the substantia nigra
Mesolimbic pathway (VTA to nucleus accumbens, amygdala, septum, and anterior cingulate)
Meso-cortical pathway (VTA to neocortex)
Tubero-Infundibular pathway

Question 22

Alpha Blockers

Answer 22

Adenoceptors that are used to help circulation.
Clonidine
Mianserin

Question 23

Beta Blockers

Answer 23

Effect the heart

Question 24

Beta 1 receptors

Answer 24

Accelerates the heart and increases stroke volume

Question 25

Beta 2 receptors

Answer 25

relaxes the brochial tubes and dialates the arterioles supplying the skeletal musces

Question 26

Noradrenergic pathways

Answer 26

locus cereuleus
Descending tract to vital nuclei in the medulla
Post-ganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system
Chromaffin cells in adrenal medulla

Question 27

What is the first step in the anabolic pathway of indolamines?

Answer 27

tryptophan is converted into 5 hydroxytryptophan by tryptophan hydroxylase.

Question 28

What enzyme converts tryptophan into 5 hydroxytryptophan?

Answer 28

Tryptophan hydroxylase

Question 29

What is the second step of the anabolic pathway of indolamines

Answer 29

5 hydroxytryptophan is converted into 5 hydroxytryptamine (5HT or Serotonin) by Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Question 30

Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Answer 30

Second enzyme in the anabolic pathway of indolamines..

Question 31

How is serotonin broken down?

Answer 31

MAO converts Serotonin into 5HIAA

Question 32

Parachlorophenylalaine (PCPA)

Answer 32

inhibits tryptophan hydroxylase

Question 33

Type A MAO

Answer 33

Breaks down Norepinephrine and Serotonin better for depression

Question 34

Type B MAO

Answer 34

Breaks down Dopamine used in Parkinson’s Disease