Four Classes of Neurotransmitters Flashcards
Medicines that target GABA receptors can help with what?
anxiety
What are neuropeptides?
Like proteins, are made of multiple amino acids, only neurotransmitters synthesized in the cell body. No re-uptake mechanism.
Which class of neurotransmitters are most abundant?
Neuropeptides
Is Glutamate excitatory or inhibitory?
Excitatory (opens a sodium channel)
Is GABA excitatory or inhibitory?
Inhibitory (opens a potassium channel)
What are the different types of monoamines?
catacholamines (derived from tyrosine) NE, DA indulamine (derived from tryptophan) Serotonin
What are the main monoamines?
Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin
What are the 2 inert gases that act as neurotransmitters?
Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitricoxide (NO)
What are the two main amino acid neurotransmitters?
Glutamate and Gamma-Butyric Amino Acid (GABA
Why are drugs that target GABA and Glutamate receptors not preferred?
Because GABA and Glutamate are so wide spread in the body that it’s hard to pinpoint and target the right receptors; treatment with drugs often have many unpleasant side effects.
How are GABA and Glutamate similar?
Glutamate is like the throttle and GABA is like the break. Glutamate becomes GABA with one step with the help of glutamate carboxylase.
What are the four classes of neurotransmitters?
1) Amino Acids 2)Monoamines 3)Neuropeptides 4)Inert Gases
Lower or higher levels decrease seizures?
lower
Why are monoamines important in psychopharmachology?
The receptors are more specialized and it allows us to pinpoint the receptors better leaving few side effects for the user.
What is the fate of neuropeptides?
Degradation in the synaptic cleft because there is no re-uptake mechanisms.
