Monitoring Blood Pressure

Question 1

Where is most of the circling blood volume found?

Answer 1

veins (70%)

Question 2

Where is there normally the highest blood pressure in the body?

Answer 2

Left ventricle

Question 3

What is systolic pressure

Answer 3

highest point on BP curve, represents afterload for the left ventricle

Question 4

what is mean pressure

Answer 4

average BP over a full cycle, determinant of tissue perfusion

Question 5

What is diastolic pressure

Answer 5

lowest point of the BP curve, determinant of myocardial perfusion

Question 6

Define hypotension in a small animal

Answer 6

MAP >60, SAP>80

Question 7

Define hypotension in a large animal

Answer 7

MAP >70, SAP >90

Question 8

what does cardiac output =

Answer 8

CO = HR x SV

Question 9

What does blood pressure =

Answer 9

BP = CO x SVR (systemic vascular resistance, afterload)

Question 10

4 crucial elements for good BP

Answer 10

HR, circulating volume, contractility, SVR

Question 11

If your HR is too low, you could give

Answer 11

atropine

Question 12

If your circulating volume is too low, you could give

Answer 12

fluid boluses

Question 13

if your contractility is too low, you could

Answer 13

decrease ISO or give inotropes

Question 14

Which is NOT a treatment for hypotension?
A) Give fluid bolus
B) Decrease anesthetic administration
C) give inotropes 
D) give vasodilators

Answer 14

D - would want to give vasoconstrictors

Question 15

Gold standard measurement of BP

Answer 15

invasive/direct method, continuously via arterial catheter

Question 16

2 most common types of non-invasive/indirect BP measurement

Answer 16

oscillometric and Doppler

Question 17

When should you use IBP in horses

Answer 17

when they are anesthetized longer than 45 mins

Question 18

Steps of doing a direct BP measurement

Answer 18

1. insert catheter into an artery
2. connect to saline filled rigid tubing
3. connect tube to a pressure transducer
4. connect transducer to a monitor
5. ensure blood don’t clot in catheter

Question 19

T/F: surgical asepsis required to place a catheter for arterial BP monitoring

Answer 19

true

Question 20

Place the BP transducer at the point of the _____ in dorsal recumbency and point of the _____ in lateral recumbency

Answer 20

shoulder, sternum

Question 21

Describe oscillometric BP monitoring

Answer 21

arterial blood flowing under an inflated cuff generates pressure fluctuations in the cuff, detected by monitor

Question 22

Describe doppler BP monitoring

Answer 22

inflated cuff placed over an artery, blood flow detected distally from cuff using a doppler flow probe

Question 23

The cuff's width should be \_\_\_\_ of the circumference of the limb.
A) 50%
B) 40%
C) 70%
D) 45%

Answer 23

B- 40%

Question 24

T/F: cuff should be placed at the level of the base of the heart

Answer 24

true

Question 25

If you can only afford a single anesthesia monitor, you should choose a______

Answer 25

Doppler