Molecular Inheritance Flashcards
Who discovered nucleic acid?
Miescher
What did miescher and other scientists discovered nucleic acid was composed of?
A 5 carbon sugar
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate
What do chromosomes contain?
DNA and protein
What is a bacteriophage?
A type of virus composed of DNA and protein which infects bacterial cells
What is the pentose sugar in DNA?
Deoxyribose
Which bases are the purines?
Adenine and Guanine
What bases are the pyrimidines?
Cytosine and Thymine
What bond join the phosphate backbone?
Phosphodiester bond
Who discovered that bases would only fit if purine was paired with pyrimidine?
Watson and Crick
How many hydrogen bonds are between C-G?
3
How many hydrogen bonds are between A-T?
2
Who proposed the idea of semi conservative replication?
Watson and Crick
Who proved semi conservative replication?
Meselson and Stahl
What does DNA polymerase require?
Single-stranded template DNA
All four nucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs)
Free 3’ hydroxyl (primer)
In what direction is DNA synthesised with DNA polymerase?
5’ to 3’
Describe Mieschers experiment
Pus from used bandages
Collected white blood cells
Purified nuclei
He found an N rich fraction (protein) and a P rich fraction (nucleic acid)
They thought the protein was the nucleic acid
What did Chargaff discover
A and T, C and G pairings
What did Avery conclude?
Transforming principle is DNA
What was Griffins experiment?
Used a benign and virulent strand
Virulent (s) is killed
Genetic material was capable of reprogramming R form into S form
What are the 3 components of a nucleotide?
5 carbon sugar
Nitrogenous base
Phosphat
How wide is DNA?
2nm
What is the length of each turn?
3-4nm
What is the distances between repeating units/ nucleotides?
0.34nm
How many nucleotide pairs are there per turn?
10
