Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Question 1

Transformation

Answer 1

A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell

Question 2

Bacteriophages (phages)

Answer 2

Viruses that infect bacteria which gave additional evidence that DNA was the genetic material

Question 3

Double Helix

Answer 3

The structure of a DNA molecule

Watson deduced that DNA was helical by examining an x-ray image taken by Rosalind Franklin

Question 4

Anti-Parallel Strands

Answer 4

DNA is all built from the 5’ end to the 3’ end so strands look like a road where they go opposite ways

Question 5

Base Pairing

Answer 5

Purines must pair with Pyrimidines due to width requirement
Purines: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine and Cytosine

Question 6

Semiconservative replication

Answer 6

The form of DNA replication where each pair of two strands contains one “parental strand”

Question 7

Origin of Replication

Answer 7

Origin of Replication is a site where DNA replication occurs

Question 8

Template Strand

Answer 8

The strand that is used as a template to build another DNA strand off of

Question 9

How did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase discover that DNA was the genetic material of the cell?

Answer 9

They labeled a phage with 35Sulfur and 32Phosphorus, conducting an experiment in which they blend and centrifuge the mixture discovering that phosphorus was found in the pellet at the bottom.