Module One, Lecture Three Flashcards
The Structure of the Skeleton
How do bones aid in body movement?
Act as levers and provide points of attachment for muscle
What do bones store?
Minerals, Bone Marrow, and Fat
How do bones store minerals?
In the Bone Matrix
Where do bones form Red Blood Cells?
Red Bone Marrow, found in the centre of most bones ( Medullary Cavity )
What are the two types of bone?
Compact and Cancellous
What is Compact Bone?
Strong bone good at transmitting force in one direction
What is Cancellous Bone?
Light and spongey, good for shock absorption. Channels forces that come from multiple directions
What are the four Classes of Bone?
Long, Short, Flat, Irregular
Describe the appearance of a Long Bone
Longer than they are wide
What are the two parts of Long Bones?
Diaphysis and Two Epiphyses
Describe the appearance of a Short Bone?
Equal Length and Width
What are Epiphyses?
Larger rounder parts at the top and/or bottom of long bones
What are the two Epiphyses of a Long Bone?
Proximal and Distal
What is the cavity inside the bone called?
Medullary Cavity
Describe the appearance of a Flat Bone…
Flat surface area, no rounded edges
What is the main function of a Flat Bone?
Muscle Attachment and Protection
What are flat bones predominantly made up of?
Compact bone
What are the divisions of the skeleton?
Axial and Appendicular
What are the bones of the Axial Skeleton?
Skull, ribs, sternum, vertebral column/spine, sacrum, coccyx
What is the primary role of the Axial Skeleton?
Protect vital organs
What joins the bones of the Skull together?
Sutures
What is the function of the vertebral column in terms of stability?
Keeps the trunk upright and supports the head
How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column?
24
What are the five divisions of the Vertebral Column?
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum and Coccyx
How many vertebrae are in the cervical division of the vertebral column?
7
How many vertebrae are in the thoracic division of the vertebral column?
12
How many vertebrae are in the lumbar division of the vertebral column?
5
Where are the upper limbs attached to the axial skeleton?
Pectoral Girdle
What bones make up the pectoral girdle?
Clavicle and Scapula
What connects the lower limbs to the axial skeleton?
Pelvic Girdle
