Module Nine

Question 1

What is Skinner’s behavioural therapy main idea?

Answer 1

Personal thought is the key to all behaviour. The goal is to discover how behaviour was created by external cues not by understandinf the inner person.

Question 2

Activity schedule

Answer 2

Often used for depression: A schedule is set up to introduce activity in small attainable segments to increase productivity. Make a list of everything to-do, note the time needed for each thing. note the priority of each task, and schedule them in a calendar.

Question 3

Assertion training

Answer 3

Teach alternatives to aggressive or passive behaviours. Focus on self-talk: “I” statements.

Question 4

Behaviour modeling/vicarious learning

Answer 4

Observe the counsellor or someone else behaving or performing a task to learn.

Question 5

Behavioural rehearsal

Answer 5

Practice something you are preparing to do in context that simulates the real world.

Question 6

Bibliotherapy

Answer 6

Use of literature to help clients cope based on thier needs, skills, and insights.

Question 7

Cognitive modeling

Answer 7

The counsellor performs the task while talking aloud to self to demonstrate how to do a task. Confrontation used when the client has low self-esteem. This is repeated until the client is comfortable.

Question 8

Contingency contracts

Answer 8

Similar to SMART goals with specific rewards and not always so client-centred. Involves specific behaviour, rewards, conditions and time-frame, and it should reduce or eliminate undesriable behaviours.

Question 9

Counter conditioning

Answer 9

Have the client practice or experience an opposite emotion to reduce anxiety.

Question 10

Encouragement

Answer 10

Specific approval by the counsellor to help the client deal with a provlem or practice a preferred behaviour.

Question 11

Feedback

Answer 11

Must be contrcutive, specific, factual, and positive. Suggest what can be done differently and have client express feelings about feedback.

Question 12

Reinforcement, punishment, and omission

Answer 12

Reinforcement: add stimuluys or remove stimulus
Omission: pleasant stimulus is removed
Punishment: Unpleasant stimulus is added

Question 13

Graduated exposure

Answer 13

Exposing the client to a real-life situation in a step-by-step process.

Question 14

Graduated task assignment

Answer 14

Assign task similar to homework that are simple procedures in step by step increments

Question 15

Guided imagery

Answer 15

Guide the client into experiencing relxation or envisioning options. Creating pictures in the mind.

Question 16

Play therapy

Answer 16

Games that model cooperative behaviour or role play with a toy

Question 17

Self-management and self-reinforcement

Answer 17

Specific desired changes, goals become target behaviours, self monitoring, form a plan, practice self-reinforcement, self-contracting, and evaluate success.

Question 18

Shaping

Answer 18

Forward: moving towards a behaviour
Backward: starting from the target and work to initial point, reaching desired outcome

Question 19

Response generalization

Answer 19

Demonstarte a new behaviour in a setting somewhat different from the one it was learned

Question 20

Stress inoculation training

Answer 20

Explore triggers and responses
Explore coping strategies
Test the new skill in a controlled situation

Question 21

Systematic desensitizatioon

Answer 21

Steps are identified and the counseller introduces the least anxiety provoking step working towards the most while using relaxation techniques.