Module Assessment 4

Question 1

MS characteristics and treatment

Answer 1

autoimmune disease, characterized by exacerbation then remission
Diagnosed by stage that will dictate how fast it will progress
Tx. steroids, plasmapheresis, diet high in antioxidant, omega-3s, adequate vit.D

Question 2

ALS characteristics

Answer 2

destruction of neurons involved in controlling muscle stimulation
Hypermetabolic at end stage
little by little less control of muscles

Question 3

Parkinson’s Dz characteristics and treatment

Answer 3

Death of nerve cells that produce dopamine causing imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters
Tx. sinimet combination of levodopa/carbidopa

Question 4

Levodopa food interactions

Answer 4

levodopa and protein compete at the blood brain barrier so medication doesn’t work as well
Tx. protein distribution: pt given more protein at nighttime
no more than 15g Vit. B6 as it interferes with dopamine production

Question 5

Alzheimers Dz characteristics and treatment

Answer 5

risk: age, APOE4, genetics, head trauma, CVD/Diabetes
Nutr. Interventions- increase calorie dense foods, supplements, frequently offer meals, snacks, drinks, finger foods, minimize distraction, liberalized diet, pt. food preferences

Question 6

Who is salt sensitive?

Answer 6

African Americans, obese, elderly

Question 7

Lifestyle modifications for hypertension(6)

Answer 7

wt loss, DASH diet, lower sodium, physical activity, moderation of ETOH consumption, smoking cessation

Question 8

DASH Diet features

Answer 8

increased fiber, K, Ca, Mg
less total fat and saturated fat
emphasis on natural-plant, based foods
limited consumption of red meat
emphasis on dairy
restricted intake of Na, sweets, and sat fat

Question 9

Diuretics

Answer 9

promote excretion of salt and water through kidneys to lower volume in blood stream

Question 10

ACE inhibitors

Answer 10

prevent conversions of AI-> AII and less Na/H2O is reabsorbed preventing constriction of arteries

Question 11

Ca-channel blockers

Answer 11

block Ca from myocardial muscle decreasing contractility and dilates arteries

Question 12

Beta-blockers

Answer 12

decrease vigor of heart’s contraction by blocking catecholamines

Question 13

Hypermetabolic conditions (6)

Answer 13

ALS, Guillan-Barre, TBI, Spinal cord injury, brain tumors

Question 14

MIND diet unhealthy foods (5)

Answer 14

red meat, butter and stick margarine, cheese, pastries and sweets, fried/fast foods

Question 15

MIND diet healthy foods (9)

Answer 15

green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, nuts, berries, whole grains, seafood, poultry, olive oil, wine