Module Assessment 3

Question 1

Types of Dietary Nutrient Interactions

Answer 1

Direct- alter absorption, metabolism, or excretion
Indirect- undesirable side effects

Question 2

Phenytoin and Warfarin

Answer 2

low serum albumin
phenytoin- antipsychotic for seizures
warfarin- anticoagulant IV form of Coumadin

Question 3

Grapefruit and cardiac meds

Answer 3

cytochrome c is inhibited by enzyme in grapefruit
serum drug levels may become toxic

Question 4

Na and Li

Answer 4

alter renal absorption
high Na- Na and Li excretion
low Na- Na and Li retention

Question 5

Zantac, protonix

Answer 5

anti gerd medications
b12, thiamin, and Fe

Question 6

Antineoplastics

Answer 6

drug damages mucosal surfaces causing malabsorption
may damage rapidly proliferating cells-> stomatitis, esophagitis

Question 7

Phenobarbital and phenytoin–>
Methotrexate—>

Answer 7

affects metabolism of nutrients
Phenobarbital and phenytoin–> Fe, Vit D, and K def
Methotrexate—> folate def

Question 8

Lasix and K

Answer 8

drug increases urinary loss of nutrients

Question 9

Enhances effects of ______ of drug
Theophyline and—->
MAOI’s and ——>

Answer 9

toxicity
Theophyline and—-> caffeine
MAOI’s and ——>tyramine

Question 10

______ effects of drugs
Vit K opposes —–>

Answer 10

Antagonizing
Coumadin

Question 11

Abx may cause
Abx and diarrhea may destroy

Answer 11

may cause candidiasis and
destroy intestinal bacteria
cleocin—> c, diff overgrowth

Question 12

Flagyl, lunesia, biaxin may cause

Answer 12

may cause dysguesia

Question 13

Narcotics and antipsychotics may affect

Answer 13

intestinal peristalsis

Question 14

NSAIDs, ASA may

Answer 14

irritate stomach mucosa

Question 15

Corticosteroids, decadron

Answer 15

glucose intolerance

Question 16

Article

Answer 16

Vitamin A: Essential for collagen production and tissue formation.
Vitamin C: Needed for collagen formation, immune cell function, and fibroblast growth; deficiency can delay healing.
Protein: Crucial for collagen synthesis; arginine aids protein building, wound strength, cell growth, and oxygen flow to wounds.
Iron: Important for collagen and hemoglobin production; oxygen delivery by hemoglobin is critical for healing.
Challenges to Healing: Poor nutrition, low fluid/food intake, and health issues can slow wound recovery.
Supplements: May help improve energy intake in patients.
Pressure Injury Prevention: Those at risk should maintain hydration and increase protein and energy intake.

Question 17

Ways to prevent sarcopenia and what is it

Answer 17

age related muscle loss
have a lot of muscle when this starts and continuously build muscle and eat to compensate for protein loss

Question 18

Nutrient needs for older adults

Answer 18

more protein to compensate for catabolism
less calories due to declining metabolic rate

Question 19

Main nutrition interventions for older adults

Answer 19

push fluids and protein
encourage exercise

Question 20

Atropic gastritis

Answer 20

B12 deficiency
there is less hydrochoric acid production in older adults and B12 needs acidic environment to be metabolized

Question 21

What affects Nutrient Needs

Answer 21

Age, gender, diagnosis, wt loss, obesity; pt with hyper metabolic conditions have increased needs

Question 22

Main concerns for older adults

Answer 22

dehydration—–> constipation
wt loss

Question 23

What do you need to do before increasing protein for wound healing

Answer 23

meet calorie needs if not protein is turned into glucose instead of being used for wound healing

Question 24

What is the same for all wounds

Answer 24

1) need to meet needs then increase protein
2) must be hydrated
3) glucose control

Question 25

what causes constipation

Answer 25

lack of movement, narcotics and lack of fluids

Question 26

What is DETERMINED

Answer 26

screening tool
Disease
eating poorly
tooth loss/mouth pain
economic hardship
reduced social contact
multiple medications
involuntary wt loss/gain
needs assistance in self care
elder year above 80

Question 27

Sarcopenic obesity vs cachexia vs frailty

Answer 27

sarcopenia obesity is where obesity makes sarcopenia worse when fat gets into muscle lowering physical function
cachexia is a general wasting and malnutrition associated with chronic disease and inflammation
frailty is geriatric syndrome associates with age related declines in multiple organ systems