Module 9: Sprayers Flashcards
application of chemicals to control weeds, pests and diseases
chemical control
most common method of controlling various pests and diseases in crop prod sys
chemical control
chemicals that are usually applied mechanical sprayers
- herbicides
- insecticides
- fungicides
- plant nutrients
basic functions of sprayer
- break the liquid into droplets of effective size
- distrib the spray solution uniformly
- regulate the spraying rate
BDR
basic components of sprayer
- chem supply : tank
- energy sources : pump and pressure chamber
- atomizer : nozzles
- control device : cut-off valve
- conductors : flexible hose and rigid lance
hand operated sprayers
- compression sprayer
- knapsack sprayer
power operated sprayers
- power knapsack
- portable power
- ultra low volume
- agri robot power
- self propelled
- boom
- tractor mounted
- tractor trailer type
most popular way of applying chemicals is thru the use of what?
knapsack sprayer
pipe or tube of varying cross-sectional area and used to direct or modify the flow of fluids
sprayer nozzle
used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from it
sprayer nozzle
main part of a sprayer that atomizes the liquid to fine particles by the application of high pressure
sprayer nozzle
2 classification of nozzle according to the number of nozzle HOLE
- single hole nozzle - one hole on a nozzle tip on top of a spray rod
- multi-hole nozzle - two or more holes on a nozzle tip on top of a spray rod
2 classification of nozzle according to the number of nozzle HEAD
- single head nozzle
- multi-head nozzle
3 classification of nozzle according to the nozzle SHAPE
- tip
- disc
- cap
2 classification of nozzle according to the spray pattern
- cone type
- fan type
2 classification of nozzle according to the spray pattern
best suited for spraying crops because it produces a spray in which droplets approach the leaves from several angles
cone type
2 classification of nozzle according to the spray pattern
operates in high pressure and requires small orifice opening
cone type
2 classification of nozzle according to the spray pattern
best suited for spraying flat surfaces as in the application of herbicides
fan type
2 classification of nozzle according to the spray pattern
low pressure and requires large orifice opening
fan type
the sprayer nozzle performance is dependent on?
hydraulic energy
the higher the pressure, the ________ the droplets
smaller
the higher the pressure, the _______ the flow rate
higher
the higher the pressure, the wider the spray angle
true or false
true
principle of creating hydraulic energy
pressure is created by adding air to a container with a fixed volume of liquid
air <——> liquid
pressure is created by adding air to a container with a fixed volume of liquid
this principle is observed in??
compression sprayer
pressure is created by adding liquid to a container with a fixed volume of air
knapsack sprayer
sprayer calibration
for a given sprayer, the following factors should be determined
- nozzle discharge at different pumping rates (L/min)
- effective working width or swath (m)
- walking speed (m/min)
- application rate (L/ha)
low-cost, hand-held device for chemical
application designed for controlled droplet application and electrostatic charging of spray liquid
electrostatic ultra-low volume-controlled
droplet application (ULV-CDA)
