Module 8: Weeders Flashcards
providing crops the conditions that will make them free of weeds, pests and diseases
crop protection
weeds compete with the available ________ and __________ if left uncontrolled
moisture and nutrients
if left uncontrolled, pests and diseases multiply above the economic threshold levels
true or false
true
most vulnerable period of the crop
growing stage between planting and flowering
methods of pest control
- cultural
- ecological
- biological
- physiological
- chemical
- flame
- mechanical
methods of pest control
modification of cultural practices such as time of planting and crop rotation
cultural
methods of pest control
change in the envi of the crop and the pest which favors the survival of the crop such as flooding to kills insects and weeds
ecological
methods of pest control
intro of certain insects which feed on pest, application of chemo-sterilants to render the male sterile, or planting of certain plants whose odor drive pests away
biological
methods of pest control
breeding and planting of pest resistant varieties
physiological
methods of pest control
application of chemicals to control weeds, pests and diseases
chemical
methods of pest control
use of flame for the selective burning of weeds in crops whose stem is not injured by a short exposure to intense heat
flame
methods of pest control
use of tools, implements and machines to reduce or eliminate weeds and insects such as in land preparation, cultivation and weeding
mechanical
unwanted plans growing in a field competing with the main crop for nutrients, moisture and sunlight
weeds
one of the most important crop protection operations
weeding
in lowland rice production, weeding is done 1-2 weeks after transplanting
true or false
true
weeding is repeated __-__ weeks after 1st weeding
2-3 weeks
a serious threat to agricultural crops
weeds
negative effects of weeds
- serve as a breeding ground for pests
- compete with the crop for water, sunlight, and nutrients
- yield losses due to uncontrolled weeds alone are significantly high
implement/machine used to remove or destroy the weeds from an agricultural land
weeders
classification of weeders according to the design of soil working part
- blade type
- tine type
- rotary type
classification of weeders according to the design of soil working part
cutting edges sharpened and hardened for soil cutting and weed uprooting
blade type
classification of weeders according to the design of soil working part
steel rods sharply pointed and hardened at the soil working end
tine type
classification of weeders according to the design of soil working part
curved spikes or paddles attached radially to a common axle which rotates when pushed forward to uproot and bury weeds
rotary type
classification of weeders according to power source
- manually-operated weeders
a. hand-held weeders
b. push-type weeders - animal-drawn weeders
- tractor-drawn weeders
- power weeder
classification of weeders according to power source
2 types of manually-operated weeders
- hand-held weeders
- push-type weeders
classification of weeders according to power source - manually-operated weeders
utilize the blade and tine type of soil working parts with short medium and long handles
hand-held weeders
sizes of the soil working parts of hand-held weeders
<0.5m ; <1m ; >1m
classification of weeders according to power source - manually-operated weeders
utilize any three types of soil working parts for upland and lowland weeding
push-type weeders
classification of weeders according to power source
soil working parts are mounted on a frame or toolbar pulled by animal for upland weeding
animal-drawn weeders
classification of weeders according to power source
soil working parts are mounted on frame or tool bar pulled by a 2-wheel or 4-wheel tractor for upland weeding
tractor-drawn weeders
classification of weeders according to power source
rotary type weeder driven by its own engine for lowland weeding
power weeder
lowland weeders
- single-row, double rotor, claw weeder
- single rotor, claw weeders (2-row & 3-row)
- claw paddle weeders (single row & double row)
- spin tillers (single row & double row)
- cono weeders (single row & double row)
- power weeder
upland weeders
- peg-type upland weeder
- roller weeder
- weeding hand tools
- scraper wheel toe
- wheel cultivator
represents the weeding efficiency
weeding index
ratio between the no. of weeds removed/destroyed by a weeder to the number originally present in a unit are expressed in percentage
weeding index
sampling area when determining weeding index , this is to be selected randomly in the field
1 square meter
percentage of plants injured (teared leaves, broken stems and/or uprooted plant during the weeding operation
percent damaged plants
indicates the performance of a weeder
performance index
this is directly proportional to the are per unit time, the weeding index and the quality of work
performance index
performance index is inversely proportional to the power required
true or false
true
