Module 9 - Solutions V5 Flashcards
Water is the solute in an aqueous solution.
false
What type of compound will be most soluble in water?
polar
Solutions can be formed with gaseous solvents.
true
Electrolytes can be cations or anions.
true
All covalent compounds will partially dissociate.
false
When lithium chloride, LiCl, is dissolved in water, what cation is produced?
Li+
Which of the following ions forms compounds that are always soluble in water?
nitrates
All compounds containing group 1A alkali metals are soluble in water.
true
Spectator ions are shown in net ionic equations.
false
The products of the exchange reaction that occur when BaSO4 and KCl are mixed together are BaCl2 and…
K2SO4.
PbSO4 is soluble in water.
false
All compounds containing nitrate are soluble.
true
The solubility of a solid increases as the solution is cooled.
false
Pentane, a nonpolar covalent compound, is insoluble in water.
true
Which solute would you expect to be insoluble in water? Recall, water is polar.
methane (nonpolar)
Solutions are formed when multiple pure substances mix chemically.
false
A solution forms when a _____ dissolves in a ______.
solute; solvent
When solute-solute interactions are disrupted, it is a(n) ______ process.
endothermic
Solutions like steel and bronze are proof that…
solutions can be in any state of matter.
Strong electrolytes…
dissolve completely in water and are strong conductors of electricity.
The ability for a solution to conduct electricity is due to…
the number of ions present in the solution.
Which reaction type occurs when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium sulfide?
2 space H C I subscript open parentheses a q close parentheses end subscript plus N a subscript 2 S subscript open parentheses a q close parentheses end subscript rightwards arrow H subscript 2 S subscript open parentheses g close parentheses end subscript plus 2 space N a C l subscript open parentheses a q close parentheses end subscript
gas forming reaction
Neutralization reactions are the only reactions that can produce water.
false
Which reaction types form a solid product?
precipitation reactions
One of the most basic and practical precipitation reactions occurs between table salt (NaCl) and water. What is the molecular equation for this reaction?
NaCl + H2O → NaOH + HCl
The presence of alkali metals means that the result of a precipitate reaction will be…
soluble in water
M g subscript left parenthesis s right parenthesis end subscript space plus 2 space H to the power of plus subscript left parenthesis a q right parenthesis end subscript plus 2 space C l to the power of minus subscript left parenthesis a q right parenthesis end subscript rightwards arrow M g to the power of 2 plus end exponent subscript left parenthesis a q right parenthesis end subscript plus 2 space C l to the power of minus subscript left parenthesis a q right parenthesis end subscript plus H subscript 2 subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis end subscript
This is an example of a…
complete ionic equation
What is missing from this net ionic equation?
A g subscript left parenthesis a q right parenthesis end subscript plus C l subscript left parenthesis a q right parenthesis end subscript rightwards arrow A g C l subscript left parenthesis s right parenthesis end subscript
charges
What is the net ionic equation for a reaction between sodium chloride (NaCl) and silver nitrate (AgNO3)?
Ag+ (aq) + Cl− (aq) → AgCl (s)
An interesting precipitation reaction occurs when milk is combined with Coca-Cola. A key component of milk’s chemical makeup is Calcium (Ca). One component of Coca-Cola’s chemical formula is phosphoric acid (H3PO4). What are the products of the molecular equation of a reaction between calcium and phosphoric acid?
Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2
The deciding factor for polarity is the…
electronegativity of an atom.
Particles moving faster with an increase in solubility is an indication of what solubility factor?
temperature
Pressure has the greatest effect on the solubility of solids.
false
A covalent compound with a high polarity will likely…
form a homogeneous mixture with water.
An athlete makes a protein shake by adding protein powder to water. If the shake has to remain at a cold temperature, how should the athlete increase the solubility of the protein powder?
They should agitate the mixture by shaking.
