Module 7 - Periodic Properties V5 Flashcards
Mendeleev, Meyer, and Moseley’s work in chemistry contributed to the modern periodic table.
true
Moseley arranged his periodic table in order of increasing…
atomic number
Atomic number is the number of __________ within an atom’s nucleus.
protons
The magnitude of the electric charge between two atoms is determined by Coulomb’s law.
true
It’s not necessary to factor in the screening constant to solve for effective nuclear charge.
false
The screening constant, S, takes into account which electrons from an atom?
core electrons
Nonbonding radius is the shortest length separating the nuclei of two atoms during a collision.
true
F-1 is smaller than its neutral atom, F.
false
Atomic radii increases in a period from __________ to __________.
right; left
An ion forms when a neutral atom gains or loses one or more electrons, usually in order to gain stability through bonding.
true
Which scientist created the first electronegativity scale?
Linus Paulding
Oxygen has a larger electronegativity than fluorine.
false
The energy needed to take away an electron from a non-bonded ground state atom or ion is first ionization energy.
false
It requires more energy to remove an electron from magnesium than it does to remove an electron from aluminum.
true
How are ionization energy and electron affinity related to each other?
they are opposites
Alkali metals are group 2 on the periodic table.
false
Hydride ions have a charge of −1.
true
Metals are usually __________ at room temperature and nonmetals are usually __________ at room temperature.
solid, gas
Two scientists, __________ and __________ developed the first classifications of elements that we now know as the periodic table.
Mendeleev; Meyer
Dmitri Mendeleev’s version of the periodic table was used to predict the properties of undiscovered elements. One example of this was…
gallium
The concept of the atomic number was originated by…
Moseley
Reactivity is a key difference between the elements in the first and last columns of the periodic table.
true
Which is a physical property used to distinguish metals from other elements?
luster
Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) was derived from…
Coulomb’s Law.
The strength of the attractive force between a valence electron and the nucleus is decreased by…
shielding
A nonbonding radius is the result of two atoms not colliding.
false
Based on the periodic trend, which element would have the smallest bonding atomic radius?
chlorine
When considering the trend of ionic size, it is important to remember that __________ are larger than their neutral ions and __________ are smaller than their neutral ions.
anions; cations
An isoelectronic series is…
a group of ions with the same number of electrons.
What is true about the following isoelectronic series?
N3-, O2-, F-, Ne, Na+, Mg2+
N3-, O2-, and F- have larger ionic radii than Na+, Mg2+
Which element has the greatest electronegativity?
oxygen
Which element has the lowest electronegativity?
gold
Since Boron has __________ valence electrons, its first ionization energy is __________ than that of Lithium.
more; greater
Ionization energy can be negative.
false
Zirconium is a strong, durable material that is often used in jewelry such as wedding rings. What is the correct electron configuration for a zirconium ion, Zr2+?
[Kr] 4d2
The electron configuration for the neutral atom selenium is 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p4. What is the electron configuration after 2 electrons are added (electron affinity)?
1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p6
Rubidium is an alkali metal. Strontium is an alkaline earth metal. What is a fundamental difference between them?
Rubidium is more reactive than strontium.
What is one characteristic that distinguishes metalloids from metals?
Metalloids struggle to conduct heat.
