Module 5 - Molecules And Ions V5 Flashcards
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in an atom and are used in bonding.
true
What is one similarity between empirical formulas and molecular formulas?
they are both types of molecules
Some molecules are formed through covalent bonds. Covalent bonds…
form when two or more atoms share their valence electrons between each other to gain stability.
An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons.
true
An atom that has lost one or more electrons resulting in a positive charge is the definition for which term?
cation
An ionic compound is a group of atoms with either a positive or negative charge.
false
What is the name of the ionic compound KCl?
potassium chloride
Chemical nomenclature refers to the systematic naming and formula writing for chemical substances.
true
Which of the following is not a diatomic molecule?
He2
An isomer is two or more organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different molecular structures.
true
Hydrocarbons contain only…
carbon and hydrogen
A carbon chain that contains an -OH group replacing a hydrogen is called an alkane.
false
a compound…
consists of two or more elements.
Molecules are formed by ________ bonds when elements share ________ with each other.
covalent; electrons
Which of the following is an empirical formula?
NH3
An experiment must be conducted to find a molecular formula.
true
A scientist conducts an experiment involving methane gas, CH₄, and determines the molar mass of the sample to be 48g/mol. What is the molecular formula?
C3H12
Ions are classified between two types based on their…
charge
Cations ______ electrons resulting in a positive charge.
lose
In hydrochloric acid, HCl, hydrogen is the _____ and chlorine is the _____.
cation; anion
Anions are usually formed from…
nonmetals
Boron has a charge of _____ and is considered a ______.
+3; cation
The charge of fluorine (F) is…
-1
What ionic compound will form from the bonding of sodium and the sulfate ions?
Na2SO4
When hydrogen and chlorine bond to form hydrochloric acid, the compound is…
neutral
When naming binary ionic compounds, the _____ is first and the ______ ends in -ide.
cation; anion
What is the correct formula for magnesium iodide?
Mgl2
Binary molecules are always composed of a metal and a nonmetal.
false
What is the correct name for the binary compound P₂O₅ ?
diphosphorus pentoxide
What is the name of a six carbon chain alkane?
hexane
What is the name for a two carbon alkane chain with an alcohol group replacing one of the hydrogens?
ethanol
Two lab partners conduct an experiment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and find that the molar mass is 68 g/mol. Calculate the molecular formula.
H4O4
Two or more elements chemically combined is the definition of which term?
compound
Which is an example of an empirical formula? (Select all that apply.)
CH2, CH3, C2O3
Which is an example of a molecular formula?
C4H6O2
If the molecular formula is C4H6O10, what is its empirical formula?
C2H3O5
Which of the following is not one of the diatomic molecules?
He2
An atom that has gained one or more electrons resulting in a negative charge is the definition for which term?
anion
Which of the following is the correct ion charge for potassium?
+1
Which of the following is the correct charge for calcium?
+2
Within the ionic compound NaCO3, which atom or group of atoms is considered the cation?
Na
Within the ionic compound CaO, which atom or group of atoms is considered the anion?
O
What is the formula for the ionic compound barium iodide?
Bal2
What is the name of the binary molecular compound CO?
carbon monoxide
What is the formula for the binary molecular compound sulfur hexafluoride?
SF6
What is the formula for hydroiodic acid?
HI (aq)
What is the charge of the cation in K3N?
+1
Alcohols are different from alkanes because…
their carbon chains replaced a hydrogen with a hydroxyl group
What is the name of C5H12?
pentane
What is the name for a three carbon alkane chain?
propane
What is the formula for Hexanol?
C6H13OH
What is the name of C8H17OH?
octanol
