Module 3 - Classifacation Of Matter Flashcards
Water can exist in all three states of matter
True
Gases have a definite volume
False
Matter that has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container is a…
Liquid
Which law is the following formula?
V1/T1=V2/T2
Charles’s law
Real gases behave more or less like ideal gases except at low pressures and high temperatures
False
Pressure is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to area
True
An element has more than one type of matter
False
A heterogeneous mixture is a non-uniform mixture that can be separated into its components
True
_____________ refers to a mixture with uniform composition
Homogeneous
Melting ice is an example of a chemical change
False
A __________ is a characteristic that allows one to distinguish between different substances
Property
An intrinsic property depends on the amount of matter present
False
What technique would most effectively separate mixtures according to size and state of matter?
Filtration
Magnetism is the act of heating a mixture so that one or more of the components reach their boiling point and evaporate away
False
Heterogeneous mixtures are often separated using filtration
True
An example of a molecule is…
Water
Matter that has molecules that are fast moving and far apart is a…
Gas
Anything that occupies space and has mass is…
Matter
_________ are the smallest building blocks of matter
Atoms
Solids…
Have a definite shape and definite volume
Salt water is an example of a(n)…
Homogeneous mixture
This image of dots within a box represents…
An element
Which is not an element?
Water
What classification of matter is a jar of sand and water?
Heterogeneous mixture
Which is not a compound?
Nitrogen
A physical property is…
A characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition
Which is an extrinsic property?
Volume
Which is an example of a chemical change?
Digesting food
Which of the following is a chemical property of an apple?
Cooked in apple pie
Which is a physical property?
The color blue
Which technique should a person use to separate sand from water?
Filtration
What is the filtrate?
The liquid that passes through the filter paper
Which technique can be used to isolate diesel fuel from crude oil?
Distillation
What techniques can you apply to separate sand, salt, and water?
Evaporation and filtration
Which mixture could not be separated using distillation?
Removing sand from ice
Gas pressure is caused by…
Gas molecules colliding with surfaces
Each of the four flasks below is the same size and at the same temperature. Which one contains the most molecules?
The pressures of the four flasks are listed below:
Flask 1:P=1atm
Flask 2:P=2atm
Flask 3:P=3atm
Flask 4:P=4atm
Flask 4
Each of four containers contains the same number of molecules and temperature. Which container has the highest pressure?
The volumes of each container are listed below:
Container 1: 40ml
Container 2: 60ml
Container 3: 80ml
Container 4: 100ml
Container 1
The density of air in a classroom is 1.28 kg/m3 (p=1.00 atm and T=20degC). At what temperature is the density 0.64 kg/m3 if the number of gas molecules and the temperature are kept constant?
0.50 atm
There are 18 moles of gas held at a pressure of 75 atm and a temperature of 800 k. What is the volume of the gas?
15.76 L
Light, sound, and energy, are not examples of matter. Why?
They do not have mass and do not take up space
Chemistry is often considered to be the central science. Why?
All fields of science are impacted by matter; therefore, the study of matter is essential
Below is a list of several things you have probably done or used today. Which of these involves chemistry?
Calling or texting on a cell phone; brushing your teeth; taking medicine; putting gas in the car
In an attempt to understand what was causing mold to grow in her washing machine, a student guessed it was due to her brother’s dirty gym clothes. She designed an experiment where she did laundry without his clothes for a week. However, the mold continued to grow. Then, she considered that it might be because of excessive moisture in the washer and started leaving the door open after moving wet clothes to the dryer. This caused no new mold to grow. Which stages of the scientific method did she use in her investigation?
Hypothesis; experiment; conclusion
Why would it be foolish to begin a scientific investigation with an experiment instead of a hypothesis?
The researcher wouldn’t know what data was needed to answer the question and would have a hard time devising a good experiment
In the “real world,” scientists do not always exactly follow the scientific method. Why is this not problematic?
The scientific method is only a guideline or a model for doing science
Your family adopted a dachshund puppy, and you want to chart its growth (length) over the first year of its life. Which is the best graph for displaying this data?
Line graph
After analyzing this bar graph displaying inches of monthly precipitation in Chicago, which conclusion represents a correct interpretation?
November had twice as much precipitation as march
A student was asked to turn in a pie chart for homework. For dinner, the family ordered a round pizza that had pepperoni on the left side and pineapple on the right. After taking a picture of the pizza, the student writes “Composition of Pizza” at the top, then indicates that each category is 50%. What makes this an appropriate pie chart? (Check all that apply.)
it has a title; it has at least two categories; the categories add up to 100%
Which picture(s) represents a gas and why?
A, because the particles are far apart, and the sample has no definite shape or volume.
Which statements are true about mixtures and compounds? (Check all that apply.)
both are made up of atoms; both can be separated
Water is always made up of two hydrogens and one oxygen. If you have two hydrogens and two oxygens, you have hydrogen peroxide. Both are made up of hydrogen and oxygen, but only one is safe to drink. This observation demonstrates which law?
law of constant composition
A student is drinking 350mL of coffee from a mug that weighs 1000g. The coffee was made using 20 grams of coffee grounds and took about 10 minutes to brew. The temperature of the coffee is 180 degrees Fahrenheit. Which property of the coffee is intrinsic?
the temperature of the coffee
Why is the SI system of measurement preferred by scientists? (Check all that apply.)
It’s easier to convert using prefixes based on decimals.
The SI system has defined quantities that are universally accepted.
Which temperatures are equal? (Choose all the apply.)
-20 degrees Celsius
-4 degrees Fahrenheit
253.15 Kelvin
Ice floats in water even though ice is water in the solid phase. What does this observation say about the densities of liquid water and solid water?
liquid water is denser than solid water
What is the best way to ensure measurements are accurate and precise? (Check all that apply.)
Take several measurements and average the values.
Use good technique.
Ensure the instrument is calibrated correctly.
A 5.00 mile bike ride is equivalent to 8.04 km. What is the length, in meters, using appropriate scientific notation?
8.04 x 103 m
During a lab experiment, a student used two balances to obtain the mass of a sample before and after the experiment. To get the final result, the second mass was subtracted from the first. If the student measured 2.345 g of sample before and 2.0 after, what is the difference using appropriate significant figures?
0.3 g
Use dimensional analysis to calculate how many eggs are in 1.20 dozens.
14.4 eggs
The atomic radius of a carbon atom is 0.3 nm. Convert this length to meters.
3 x 10-10
Why should the answer be rounded when measurements are combined?
The least certain measurement limits the certainty of the calculation.
If a recipe calls for 20.0 ounces of sugar and one only has 0.500 kg, how much more sugar is needed?
67.0 grams
Why can conversion factors be written as reciprocals? For example, why is 100 cm/1 m the same as 1 m/100 cm?
100 cm = 1 m; therefore, it’s really just 1/1.
The scientific notation of the number 476 would be…
4.76 x 102.
You signed up to run a race. The race is 25 kilometers. How many miles is that?
15.5343 miles
You need to figure out the density of an object. The volume is 48 mL and the mass is 8.0 g. What is the density?
170kg/cubic meter or 0.170g/mL
If you have a used can of paint with 57 ounces left in it, how many grams of paint do you have?
1.6g x 103 g
A man is at a shooting range and consistently hits the target in the upper left corner even though he is aiming for the center. What would best describe his skill level scientifically?
precise
If you spent 50 years in space, how many seconds would that be? Write the number in scientific notation.
2 × 109 seconds
According to Tables 1 and 2, which would be more accurate: a 10 mL graduated cylinder or a 10 mL pipette?
The 10 mL pipette because it measures closest to 10 mL repeatedly.
Based on the results from Tables 1 and 2, what is the most accurate container for measuring small amounts of liquid?
pipette
Based on the results from Tables 1 and 2, what is the most accurate container for measuring larger amounts of liquid?
volumetric flask
Based on Table 3, which container and which size had the most accurate reading?
pipette 250 mL
According to the data in Table 3, which statement is the correct conclusion?
The smaller containers provided more accurate measurements.
Comparing Tables 3 and 4, which statements are the most appropriate? (Choose all that apply.)
Using more than one solution in a container changed the accuracy of the measurement.
Using more than one solution made the accuracy of the measurement less reliable.
According to the data in Tables 3 and 4, the most accurate container to measure 100 mL of liquid is…
the 250 mL pipette
