Module 9: Seizures 2

Question 0

Most common causes of status epilepticus?

Answer 0

#AED noncompliance
#Brain infections (meningitis or encephalitis)
#Intoxication or withdrawal
#Tumor
#Metabolic disturbance

Question 1

Definition of status epilepticus?

Answer 1

#1 prolong seizures over 30 minutes
#2 consecutive seizures with no full recovery between episodes

Question 2

Status epilepticus management?

Answer 2

(Stop when seizure stops)
#benzodiazepines
#phenytoin or fosphenytoin
#phenytoin or fosphenytoin again
#Valproic acid or phenobarbitone
#Intubate
#Medically induce coma with EEG monitoring (pentobarbital, midazolam or propofol)

Question 3

Suspected infection and work up in in patient with seizures and low WBC count?

High WBC count?

Answer 3

HIV or fungal infection

Bacterial meningitis or abscess

CT and LP

Question 4

Suspected diagnosis and work up in patient with seizures and low platelets?

Answer 4

Hemorrhage; CT scan

Question 5

Next step in patient with seizures and hyponatremia?

Hypocalcemia?

Hypomagnesemia?

Answer 5

Correct to 120 with hypertonic saline then slow correction

Replete calcium and EKG

Replete magnesium and EKG

Question 6

Next step in patient with seizures and elevated BUN/creatinine?

Answer 6

Dialysis

Question 7

Next step in seizure patient with high ammonia?

Answer 7

Lactulose

Question 8

Next step in seizure patient with mass lesion?

Answer 8

Steroids for edema

Antibiotics if abscess

Question 9

Generalized myoclonic status epilepticus usually occurs in what setting?

Answer 9

Anoxia

Question 10

Complications of status epilepticus?

Answer 10

#Hyperthermia
#Rhabdomyolysis leading to Myoglobinuria and renal failure
#Posterior shoulder dislocation
#Lactic acidosis