Module 8: Delirium And Dementia 2

Question 0

Treatment for Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 0

#AChE inhibitors for brief stabilization of decline (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, tacrine)
#Memantine
#Antipsychotics/Antidepressants/anxiolytics

Question 1

How to diagnose Alzheimer disease? Routine tests prior to diagnosis? (Other tests?)

Answer 1

Clinical diagnosis

B12, thyroid, neuroimaging (RPR, LP, PET)

Question 2

Frontotemporal dementia – earliest symptoms? Later symptoms?

Answer 2

Personality and motivation changes

Memory

Question 3

Triad of Huntington disease?

Answer 3

#Dementia
#Chorea
#Family history

Question 4

Dementias associated with movement disorders?

Answer 4

#Huntington
#Lewy body
#Wilson
#Parkinson

Question 5

Wilson’s disease – typical patient? Caused by?

Answer 5

Young patient with dementia, behavioral changes, movement disorders, and liver failure

Cu accumulation due to mutations in ABC transporter gene on chromosome 13

Question 8

Treat Lewy body dementia with?

Answer 8

#Neuroleptics
#Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Question 9

Vascular dementia – caused by? Describe progression of deterioration? Treatment?

Answer 9

#Multiple small strokes
#A few strokes in specific locations

More abrupt onset than Alzheimer’s disease with stepwise deterioration and focal neurologic signs

Control of risk factors to prevent further progression

Question 10

CJD – etiologies? Symptoms? EEG pattern? Prognosis?

Answer 10

#Sporadic form
#Inherited form (PrP mutation)
#Iatrogenic form – dural/corneal grafts
#Transmissible form

Dementia with myoclonus

EEG with triphasic discharge

Death within 6 months to 1 year with no effective treatment

Question 11

Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal shunt?

Answer 11

Stretching the bridging veins leading to subdural hematoma

Question 16

Lewy body disease (versus Alzheimer)?

Answer 16

#More fluctuations
#More psychosis

Question 17

Symptoms of the Lewy body disease?

Answer 17

#Dementia
#Hallucinations
#Sleep disturbances
#Rigidity without tremor