Module 9 - Immune / Hematologic Flashcards
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple myeloma. The nurse assesses the client and is aware that the symptom most unique to this disease is ________________.
fever
lymph node enlargement
night sweats
bone pain
bone pain
The number of white blood cells (WBCs) is increased in circumstances such as ___________ (select all that apply).
malnutrition
immune disease
inflammation
invasion by pathogenic organism
allergy
inflammation
invasion
allergy
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. What is a priority assessment the nurse should perform on this client?
a drop in temperature from its normal set point.
bradycardia.
the absence of chills.
signs of systemic infection.
signs of systemic infection
A client is admitted with sepsis and active bleeding. The nurse suspects disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) when considering what finding?
a decrease in fibrin degradation products.
an increased D-dimer level.
thrombocytopenia.
low fibrinogen levels.
an increased D-dimer level.
A nurse is caring for a client with anemia. The nurse sees no overt signs of bleeding. The nurse understands that ________________.
all clients with bleeding disorders demonstrate active bleeding
many clients have bleeding that is not obvious
capillaries in mucous membranes lie deep in the membrane
mucous membranes have a high threshold for bleeding
many clients have bleeding that is not obvious
What factor is related to primary immunodeficiency?
Malignancies
Aging
A single gene defect
Nutritional deficiencies
A single gene defect
A nurse is caring for client who complains of general malaise, fatigue, and shortness of breath since having a cold 6 weeks earlier. The nurse should expect the provider to request a ___________.
differential blood count only
bone marrow biopsy
lymph node biopsy
complete blood count (CBC) with differential
complete blood count (CBC) with differential
A nurse considers what primary component, the oxygen-carrying molecule, within erythrocytes when caring for a client with anemia?
Hemoglobin
A reticulocyte
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate
Erythropoietin
Hemoglobin
A nurse cares for a client who enters the hospital complaining of headache, fever, and sore throat for the past 2 weeks and is concerned about acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The client’s blood work shows the presence of HIV antibodies. What statement by the nurse is correct?
“HIV symptoms will continue throughout the patient’s life.”
“HIV infection and AIDS are considered chronic diseases.”
“HIV is an acute disease with a short prognosis.”
“Very few people with HIV develop AIDS.”
“HIV infection and AIDS are considered chronic diseases.”
The process by which the body actively produces cells and mediators that result in the destruction of the antigen is called _______________.
autoimmunity
recognition of self as nonself
active immunity
passive immunity
active immunity
Two types of specific immune responses exist: humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. What is true about these responses?
They are nonspecific immune responses.
They are producers of antigens.
They work together to provide immunity.
They are mutually exclusive.
They work together to provide immunity
Critical to caring for the immunocompromised client is the understanding that ___________________.
infection is the leading cause of death in these clients
the immunosuppression involves a single element or process
immune incompetence is symptomatic even without pathogen exposure
the immunocompromised client has normal white blood cell (WBC) physiology
infection is the leading cause of death in these clients
A nurse examines the client’s complete blood count with differential analysis and notices that the client’s neutrophil percentage is elevated but that the lymphocytes percentage is lower than normal. The nurse knows that the drop in lymphocyte count in the differential is most likely due to what?
the lack of immature neutrophils
the increase in neutrophil count
a new viral infection
a decreased number of “bands”
the increase in neutrophil count
A nurse is caring for a client with a wound. What is the purpose for exudate to form at the wound site (select all that apply)?
Carry away toxins
Produce a fever
Deliver proteins
Dilute toxins
Carry away toxins
Deliver proteins
Dilute toxins
What priority nursing action should the nurse consider when caring for a client with HIV?
Inform the client that the disease does not affect the respiratory system
Monitor the client’s medication regimen.
Assure the client that infections are not a major problem at this point
Avoid assessment of the mouth, as infections in the mouth are rare
Monitor the client’s medication regimen.
