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nutrition 120 > module 9 fat soluble vitamins > Flashcards

module 9 fat soluble vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

what does vitamin A consist of

A
  1. carotenoids (provitamin) from plants
  2. retinoids (animal sources)
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2
Q

what is the RDA value for vitamin A

A

700/900 mcg RAE (retinol activity equivalence)

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3
Q

RAE conversions
1 mcg RAE =

A

= 1 mcg retinol
= 2mcg beta carotene
= 12 mcg beta car
= 24 ‘non beta carotene carotenoids’

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4
Q

what is the function of vitamin A

A

vision
epithelial cell function
growth
reproduction

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5
Q

what is the deficiency of vitamin a

A

xerophthalmia in corneal epithelia

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6
Q

what is the first step of the visual cycle

A

Light energy goes into the retinal being held by a protein (opsin)

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7
Q

that is the third step of the visual cycle

A

the retinal and opsin send a signal to the brain

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8
Q

what is the second step of the visual cycle

A

the light energy goes thru the eye to the back

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9
Q

what is the fourth step of the visual cycle

A

the retinal detaches from the opsin protein

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10
Q

what happens in step 5 of the visual cycle

A

the opsin protein goes to partner up with another retinal

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11
Q

what is the cornea

A

the lining of the eye

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12
Q

what are the top 3 nutrient deficiencies

A

Iron (Fe)
Vit A
I (Iodine)

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13
Q

what happens to the Epithelial tissue (skin on the eye) in a vitamin A deficiency

A

Its forms keratin debris (the mucus on top gets hard and dry)

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14
Q

what does the mucas on top of the epithelial tissue do

A

lubricates the skin

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15
Q

what is vitamin A toxicity

A

% of Beta-Carotenoids from foods and supplements goes way up

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16
Q

Who should be concerned about retinoids

A

Infants/Children on high doses

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17
Q

what are 2 things that cause vit A deficiency

A

Multivitamin Overuse
Longterm use of Accutane

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18
Q

what Are some symptoms of Vitamin A deficiency

A
  • redness of skin
  • hair loss
  • indcreased hair loss
  • pain in longer bones (malformation/fractures)
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19
Q

what is the UL for vitamin A in adults and in Children

A

UL adults: 3000/mg RAE
UL children: 900/mg RAE

20
Q

what is the RDA for vitamin A in adults and in children

A

RDA adults: 700/900/mg RAE
RDA children: 400/mg RAE

21
Q

how is vitamin D made (molecularity wise)

A

On ur skin, when cholesterol turns into 7-dehydrocholesterol and the sun hits the skin Vitamin D3 is made

22
Q

What is the RDA of Vitamin D

A

15 mcg/day

23
Q

What are some sources of vitamin D

A

Naturally high w/ D
- Salmon
Fortified with D
- Milk
- Margarine

24
Q

TF there is a source of Vit D in Saskatoon from Nov–>March

A

F, No source of vitamin D at this time

25
Q

What is the key role of Vit D in the body

A

Maintain blood calcium concentrations

26
Q

what are the 3 function of Vit D in the body

A
  • Stimulate Ca absorption from GIT
  • Draw Ca from the bone
  • Reduce CA losses from kidney in urine
27
Q

How does insufficient Ca in ur body affect ur bone growth

A

there is a lack of mineralization (hardening) when growing, bones will be weaker and easier to bend

28
Q

how does Vit D deficiency affect children

A

Causes RICKETS
- bow legs
- curving of spine + ribcage

29
Q

How does Vit D deficiency affect Adults

A

-creates soft bones (osteomalacia)
-demineralization (fractures)

30
Q

what is osteomalacia

A

Bones softening bc of a Vit A deficiency

31
Q

Who does Vit D deficiency mostly occur in

A
  • Older Adults
  • Infants & children
  • preteens and teens
32
Q

why does fit D deficiency occur ing older adults

A

Decreasing liver and kidney function
decreased ability to make Vit D on skin

33
Q

why does Vit D deficiency occur in infants

A
  • breastfed
  • weakened restrictive diets (no fish, no milk)
34
Q

TF breastfed infants often require Vit D drops

A

T

35
Q

why do teens and preteens get Vit D deficiency

A

growth spurts
- reach 90% bone density by 20

36
Q

what is the RDA and UL for Vit D for 19-70 yr olds

A

RDA: 15mg/day
UL: 100mg/day

37
Q

what are the toxicity symptoms of Vit D toxicity

A

cell death
- Ca deposits in soft tissues (kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels)

38
Q

What is the RDA of Vit E

A

15mg/day

39
Q

what is Vitamin Es role in metabolism

A

-absorbed from GIT and is transported in chylomicrons around the body (gets delivered to all cells)

40
Q

what do you get when you have a vitamin D deficiency

A

hemolytic anemia

41
Q

What is the Al of vitamin K

A

90/120 mcg/day

42
Q

what are some functions of vit K

A
  • blood clotting (healing)
  • Bone metabolism
  • Kidney Function
  • Ca absorption from GIT
43
Q

TF Vit A and Vit K have similar Absorption and metabolism

A

T

44
Q

TF Vit K deficiency is common

A

F, Very rare

45
Q

What is one way you could get a vit K deficiency

A

longterm antibiotics
- destroys microbes

46
Q
A

nutrition 120 (6 decks)

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