Module 9

Question 1

What point did Dr. Fatima Cody Stanford NOT make when she summarized her video presentation, “Obesity: It’s more complex that you think?”

Answer 1

Bariatric surgery should be considered as a first line treatment for obesity

Question 2

In dopamine ramping dopamine is released in ____ as the steps required to get rewarded are completed

Answer 2

Increasing amounts

Question 3

In temperature regulation the hypothalamus receives input from _____ in both the skin and organs

Answer 3

thermoreceptors

Question 4

The EMG recorded ______ occurs during REM stage and is to prevent people from acting out their dreams.

Answer 4

Temporary paralysis

Question 5

A heat defense response increases heat loss by way of the dilation of blood vessels in the skin (vasodilation) and vasoconstriction of the blood vessels of internal organs, by evaporative cooling or sweating.

Answer 5

Sweating

Question 6

Areas of the brain where liking sensation can be enhanced by stimulation are called ______.

Answer 6

Hedonic hotspots

Question 7

The hypothalamus output in temperature regulation is either to potentially threaten cooling or heating of the body as ______.

Answer 7

Cold defense and heat defense

Question 8

In their article about the role of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic disparities on sleep, Grandner and colleagues (2016) asserted that assessments of challenges to achieving health sleep should ALSO include questions about: (check all that apply)

Answer 8

Occupational and / or home demands
Neighborhood stress
Social factors
Racism

Question 9

Research via polysomnography has found that physiologically there is much activity going during REM stage of sleep, much like in wakefulness, and thus REM is sometime referred to as ______.

Answer 9

Paradoxical sleep

Question 10

Sensation seekers low D2 dopamine receptors create a deficit in experiencing positive moods and rewards provided by events most people perceive as being pleasurable.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

On average humans typical spend about ______ of sleep in nREM and about ______ in REM.

Answer 11

75%; 25%;

Question 12

Release of insulin is directly related to the levels of _____ in the body

Answer 12

Glucose

Question 13

During the postabsorptive state, the body recruits ______ stores from the liver to use for energy.

Answer 13

Glycogen

Question 14

The stage of sleep associated with vivid dreams is often called the ______ cycle.

Answer 14

REM

Question 15

In the article by Duarte et al. (2017), the authors indicated that… (choose the BEST answer).

Answer 15

All answers are correct

Question 16

A cold defense body mechanism is to trigger ______ to shake generating heat through to expenditure of energy in what is known as shivering.

Answer 16

Skeletal muscles

Question 17

Leptin is secreted in response to high levels of insulin and glucose and acts as a ______.

Answer 17

Hunger suppressant

Question 18

Sleep spindles are series of high-frequency spikes of activity lasting anywhere from 0.5 to 1.0 seconds observed during ______ of the normal sleep cycle.

Answer 18

Stage 2

Question 19

In a formulary development testing cycle, the researchers gave participants varying dosage levels of their study supplement claiming to improve sleep. All ingredients remained constant with the exception of the sleep aid component. This component was probably a(n) ______ blocker.

Answer 19

Orexin

Question 20

Research found that high sensation seekers have inherited a low number of a type of ______ receptors (D2) in the striatum and prefrontal cortex.

Answer 20

Dopamine

Question 21

In research and laboratory settings data related to brain activity is often needed and is measured by an ______ which records the electrical activity of the brain.

Answer 21

Electroencephalography

Question 22

Experimental data found that rats’ lever presses for access to pleasurable reinforcers is greatly reduced when injected with dopamine receptors______.

Answer 22

Blockers