Module 9 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False : Poor health outcomes among Indigenous people are a result of their relatively low class position and their experience of racial discrimination.

A

True

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2
Q

True or False: Education is not only a source of wealth; it is also a product of wealth.

A

True

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3
Q

A country has an unusually high ratio of males to females for people over the age of 64. What does this fact suggest?

A

Over their lifetime, women many experience more violence and/or inferior nutrition and/or inferior health care compared to men.

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4
Q

Juan is a senior manager in a company where Aiguo is a clerk. They had precisely identical upbringings and they have precisely equal access to excellent health services. Based only on this information, who, if either, is likely to be in better health?

A

Juan.

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5
Q

Why is marital satisfaction higher on average in countries with relatively liberal divorce laws?

A

Liberal divorce laws allow people to leave unhappy marriages and find marriage partners with whom they are happy.

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6
Q

One sociological theory contends that religious institutions, actions, and consciousness are on the decline worldwide because science and rational thinking in general fail to find any evidence for many religious beliefs and instead provide evidence-based alternative explanations. Which theory makes this argument?

A

The secularization thesis

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7
Q

Which of the following has/have been proposed as an alternative/alternatives to the secularization thesis?

A
  • The market model
  • The revised secularization thesis
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8
Q

In societies were polygamy is widespread, intense competition for women creates numerous social problems. Which of the following conclusions does the text reach about how these social problems can be minimized?

A

The social problems caused by widespread polygamy can be minimized only if heterosexual monogamous families replace polygamous families.

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9
Q

True or False: Conflict theorists argue that schools distribute the benefits of education unequally—allocating most of the benefits to children from the lower classes and marginalized minority groups.

A

False

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10
Q

A sociologist conducts research showing that (i) in countries where the Catholic Church is active, the average Catholic’s level of religious commitment is stronger where competition between the Catholic Church and other religions is stronger, and (ii) in all countries where relevant data is available, attendance at religious services tends to be low where religious freedom is high. What is the most appropriate conclusion to draw from these findings?

A

The findings in support of the market model are mixed.

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11
Q

What is the main cause of change in the skills demanded by the job market?

A

Automation

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12
Q

Which of the following arguments most accurately summarizes what the text says about the relationship between extremist Islamic fundamentalism and terrorism?

A

Colonialism, military occupation, and high inequality in the distribution of resources are associated with extremist Islamic fundamentalism, which is in turn associated with a relatively high level of terrorism.

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13
Q

In families that experience divorce, which of the following is the most important factor with negative consequences for the emotional health of children?

A

Persistent conflict between the spouses.

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14
Q

Which of the following factors is NOT associated with a high level of religious involvement?

A
  • Being in the middle of the life cycle.
  • Living in a country with a low level of inequality.
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15
Q

Which of the following is a latent function of schools?

A

Providing a custodial service for parents.

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16
Q

In which historical period did North America witness an especially rapid increase in the number of nuclear families?

A

During the 1950s and early 1960s

17
Q

nuclear family

A

a cohabiting man and woman who maintain a socially approved sexual relationship and have at least one kid

18
Q

polygamy

A

expands the nuclear family “horizontally” by adding one or more spouses to the household

19
Q

corporatization

A

the reshaping of universities on a business model.