Module 8 - Endocrine System Flashcards
Growth Hormone (GH)
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus for secretion
- produced and secreted by somatotrophins in anterior pituitary
- stimulus: - growth hormone inhibiting hormone
- growth hormone releasing hormone
Growth Hormone
- main action
- stimulate growth of body tissues particularly skeletal muscles + bones by stimulating protein
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- site of secretion
- stimulus for secretion
- produced: hypothalamus
- secreted: posterior pituitary gland
- stimulus: increase in NA and decrease in blood volume and pressure
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- main action
- type of feedback
main action: targets kidneys and promotes reabsorption of water from urine back to blood
- negative feedback
Aldosterone Hormone
- site of secretion
- stimulus for secretion
produced: adrenal cortex
secreted: adrenal cortex
stimulus: increase in blood potassium levels
Aldosterone Hormone
- main action
- type of feedback
main action:
- regulates k+ NA+
- targets kidneys
- secretion of K+ from blood to urine
- reabsorption of Na+ from urine to blood
- negative feedback
Prolactin Hormone
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus for secretion
produced: anterior pituitary gland
secreted: anterior pituitary gland
stimulus: low levels of prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH)
Prolactin Hormone
- main action
- type of feedback
main action: stimulates lactation in women
feedback: negative
Insulin Hormone
- site of production and secretion
- type of feedback
production: beta cells in pancreas
secretion: beta cells in pancreas
stimulus: increased blood glucose levels
Insulin Hormone
- main action
- type of feedback
main action: restore normal blood glucose levels, stimulates these cells to utilise for ATP
feedback: negative
Oxytocin Hormone
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus
production: hypothalamus
secretion: posterior pituitary gland
stimulus: stretching of cervix during labour
and suckling action of infant
Oxytocin Hormone
- main action
- stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth
- ejection of milk during breastfeeding
FSH + LH
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus for secretion
production: anterior pituitary gland
secretion: anterior pituitary gland
stimulus: GnRH
FSH + LH
- main action
both target ovaries in females
and testes in males
(ie gonads)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus for secretion
production: anterior pituitary gland
secretion: anterior pituitary gland
stimulus: controlled by TRH
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- main action
- stimulates thyroid gland to secrete glands
- stimulates metabolism of tissue in body
Thyroid Hormone
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus
produced: specialised follicular cells of the thyroid glands
secreted: specialised follicular cells of the thyroid glands
stimulus: TSH
Thyroid Hormone
main actions
increases rate of metabolism, tissue growth + development
Calcitonin Hormone
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus for secretion
produced: parafollicular cells of the thyroid glands
secreted: parafollicular cells of the thyroid glands
stimulus: increased blood calcium levels
Calcitonin Hormone
- main actions
- type of feedback
main action: stimulate the uptake of calcium from the blood into the bone
feedback: negative
Parathyroid Hormone
- site of production and secretion
- type of feedback
produced: parathyroid glands in the posterior thyroid glands
secreted: parathyroid glands in the posterior thyroid glands
stimulus: decrease in blood calcium levels
parathyroid Hormone
- main action
- type of feedback
main action: increases calcium levels by:
- stimulating osteoclasts to breakdown bone
- decreasing levels of calcium secreted in urine
- negative feedback
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- site of production and secretion
- stimulus
production: anterior pituitary gland
secretion: anterior pituitary gland
stimulus: corticotropin releasing hormone from hypothalamus
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- main actions
stimulates adrenal gland to secrete corticosteroid cortisol from adrenal cortex
