Module 8: DISEASE AND HEALTH CARE OF RUMINANT ANIMALS

Question 1

program for sheep and goats involves prevention, rather than treatment of diseases and parasites

Answer 1

good health program

Question 2

vital signs in an animal that help in the early detection lf health problems

Answer 2

temperature, pulse rate, and respiration rate

Question 3

vary with activity and environmental conditions

Answer 3

vital signs

Question 4

normal vital signs sheep

Answer 4

temperature: 100.9°F to 103.8°F
average: 102.3°F

Question 5

normal vital signs in goats

Answer 5

temperature: 101.7°F to 105.3°F
average: 103.8°F

Question 6

pulse rate (sheep and goats, normal range)

Answer 6

70 to 80 heartbeats per minute

Question 7

respiration rate (sheep and goats, normal range)

Answer 7

12 to 20 breaths per minute

Question 8

it is taken in the rectum using either a mercury thermometer or a battery powered digital thermometer

Answer 8

body temperature

Question 9

it is taken by finding the artery that runs down inside of the hind leg

Answer 9

pulse rate

Question 10

determined by observing the number of times the animal breathes per minute.

Answer 10

respiration rate

Question 11

program for prevention of health problems includes the ff. steps;

Answer 11

1. watch the animals closely for signs of illness
2. use the best feeding and management practices
3. Handle animals with care
4. follow strict sanitation practices
5. treat all wounds with disinfectants
6. select only healthy animals for breeding purposes
7. isolate and watch newly purchased animals for atleast 30 days
8. prevent fenceline
9. control traffic of trucks, equipment, and people into areas where animals are kept.
10. isolate sick animals for treatment
11. prevent diseases by vaccinating
12. control parasites with sprays, dips, dusts, drenches
13. rotate pasture to prevent parasite buildups
14. cooperate with a local veterinarian in the prevention and treatment of diseases and parasites

Question 12

is a disease pf sheep that is cause by a virus. it is spread from sheep to sheep by a small gnat, a tiny biting midge

Answer 12

blue tongue (sore muzzle)

Question 13

is a disease caused by a bacterium. it affects both sheep and goats, with lambs and kids being most often affected.

Answer 13

enterotoxemia

Question 14

enterotoxemia can be controlled through?

Answer 14

• good management
• proper feeding
• vaccination

Question 15

if enterotoxemia occurs in feeder lambs, increase the amount of roughage in the ration and raise the level of?

Answer 15

chlortetracycline

Question 16

is a disease that affects the soft tissue of the foot. it may occur in connection with foot rot, when are in wet or muddy conditions

Answer 16

foot abscess

Question 17

usually affects sheep during the periods of extremely wet weather. it is not believed to caused by either the same bacteria or a different strain of the same bacteria that cause foot rot

Answer 17

foot scald

Question 18

nonirritating and may be used more often than copper solutions

Answer 18

zinc sulfate solutions

Question 19

affects sheep and is caused by bacteria. it affects mainly lambs 1 to 5 days of age.

Answer 19

lamb dysentery

Question 20

symptoms of lamb dysentery

Answer 20

loss of appetite, depression, diarrhea, and sudden death

Question 21

dysentery can be prevented by following

Answer 21

strict sanitation and lambing in clean, dry housing, and on clean pasture

Question 22

which affects both sheep and goats, is caused by bacteria or by injury to the udder.

Answer 22

mastitis

Question 23

affects sheep and goats and is caused by a bacterial infection of the navel

Answer 23

navel III

Question 24

is an inflammation of the lungs that affects both sheep and goats. exposure to cold, damp, draft conditions

Answer 24

pneumonia

Question 25

is a disease that affects the central nervous system of sheep and goats

Answer 25

scrapie

Question 26

one of a class of brain disease called

Answer 26

transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)

Question 27

affects sheep and goats ans id caused by a virus. more common in younger animals. symptoms include, blisters on mouth, lips and nose of the animals

Answer 27

sore mouth

Question 28

affects sheep and goats and is caused by bacteria. symptoms include, stiffness, walking with a straddling gait, inability to eat, and rigid jaw and tail

Answer 28

tetanus

Question 29

affects sheep and is caused by bacteria. main symptom is abortion.

Answer 29

vibriosis

Question 30

which are nutritional problems that may affect sheep or goats as well as cattle.

Answer 30

bloat and white muscle disease

Question 31

occurs when the rumen becomes filled with dry or indigestible feed.

Answer 31

impaction

Question 32

a disease caused by a lack of calcium in the blood, occurs in both sheep and goats

Answer 32

milk fever

Question 33

affects both sheep and goats. caused by a lack of vitamin A in the diet. symptoms include the inability to see at night, soreness of the eyes, loss appetite, weakness, nervousness, and convulsions

Answer 33

night blindness

Question 34

affects sheep, especially those carrying twons or triplets. metabolic disorder that usually occurs during the last 6 weeks of gestation

Answer 34

pregnancy toxemia

Question 35

attack sheep and or goats. causes looses in the production of wool, mohair, meat and milk

Answer 35

external parasites

Question 36

are tiny insects that live on animals. some are blood sucking, others are biting or chewing.

Answer 36

lice

Question 37

sometimes called a sheep tick. wingless fly that is about ¼ inch (0.6cm) long and has six legs.

Answer 37

sheep ked

Question 38

infected animals shake their heads, sneeze, have difficulty breathing, and may hold their noses to teb ground

Answer 38

sheep bot fly

Question 39

they burrow into the skin causing irritation

Answer 39

mange and scab mites

Question 40

most serious health problem of sheep and goats. economic loss results from loss in weight, lower milk production, poor wool growth, wated feed, and lower breeding efficiency

Answer 40

internal parasite

Question 41

is the key of controlling losses from internal parasites.

Answer 41

good management

Question 42

two factors that contribute to problems with internal parasites

Answer 42

overgrazing pasture and fail to rotate pasture

Question 43

chemical compounds used for deworming animals.

Answer 43

anthelmintics

Question 44

worms found in the stomach and intestines of sheep and goats include;

Answer 44

1. common stomach worm 2. medium stomach work 3. bankrupt worm 4. thread-necked strongyle 5. nodular worm 6. hookworm 7. tapeworm

Question 45

common stomach worm and medium worm are?

Answer 45

bloodsuckers

Question 46

two species of lungworms infest sheep and goats:

Answer 46

thread lungworm and hair lungworm

Question 47

lives in the liver of the infested sheep or goat. causes bleeding in the liver.

Answer 47

liver fluke

Question 48

caused by the small protozoa called coccidia. lives in the intestine of the sheep or goat. cause the cell wall rupture, and the animal bleeds internally.

Answer 48

coccidiosis

Question 49

due to presence of larger numbers of gastrointestinal nematodes, is commonly encountered in cattle in many countries where cattle are grazed outdoors

Answer 49

parasitic gastroenteritis

Question 50

caused by the lumgworm Dictyocaulus viviparus

Answer 50

parasitic bronchitis

Question 51

is caused by the trematode parasite fasciola hepatica; other species may also be involved.

Answer 51

fascioliasis

Question 52

common in young calves, and is characterised by anorexia and diarrhea, often intermittent, which may result in poor growthrates.

Answer 52

cryptosporidiosis

Question 53

may feed on blood, sweat, skin secretions, tears, saliva, urine or feces of cattle. to which they are attacked.

Answer 53

flies

Question 54

are associated with a chronic dermatitis, and in small enougj numbers are well tolerated

Answer 54

louse infestations

Question 55

have been implicated in the transmission of disease

Answer 55

blood-sucking lice

Question 56

infestation with mites can result in severe dermatitis known as?

Answer 56

mange

Question 57

the control options available for each type of parasite are generalizedand will

Answer 57

parasite control strategies

Question 58

in which calves were dosed and then moved to safe pasture mid season, is now generally considered to be highly selective for anthelmintic resistance

Answer 58

dose and move strategy