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Ruminant Production and Herd Health Management > Module 8: DISEASE AND HEALTH CARE OF RUMINANT ANIMALS > Flashcards

Module 8: DISEASE AND HEALTH CARE OF RUMINANT ANIMALS Flashcards

1
Q

program for sheep and goats involves prevention, rather than treatment of diseases and parasites

A

good health program

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2
Q

vital signs in an animal that help in the early detection lf health problems

A

temperature, pulse rate, and respiration rate

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3
Q

vary with activity and environmental conditions

A

vital signs

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4
Q

normal vital signs sheep

A

temperature: 100.9°F to 103.8°F
average: 102.3°F

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5
Q

normal vital signs in goats

A

temperature: 101.7°F to 105.3°F
average: 103.8°F

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6
Q

pulse rate (sheep and goats, normal range)

A

70 to 80 heartbeats per minute

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7
Q

respiration rate (sheep and goats, normal range)

A

12 to 20 breaths per minute

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8
Q

it is taken in the rectum using either a mercury thermometer or a battery powered digital thermometer

A

body temperature

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9
Q

it is taken by finding the artery that runs down inside of the hind leg

A

pulse rate

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10
Q

determined by observing the number of times the animal breathes per minute.

A

respiration rate

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11
Q

program for prevention of health problems includes the ff. steps;

A
  1. watch the animals closely for signs of illness
  2. use the best feeding and management practices
  3. Handle animals with care
  4. follow strict sanitation practices
  5. treat all wounds with disinfectants
  6. select only healthy animals for breeding purposes
  7. isolate and watch newly purchased animals for atleast 30 days
  8. prevent fenceline
  9. control traffic of trucks, equipment, and people into areas where animals are kept.
  10. isolate sick animals for treatment
  11. prevent diseases by vaccinating
  12. control parasites with sprays, dips, dusts, drenches
  13. rotate pasture to prevent parasite buildups
  14. cooperate with a local veterinarian in the prevention and treatment of diseases and parasites
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12
Q

is a disease pf sheep that is cause by a virus. it is spread from sheep to sheep by a small gnat, a tiny biting midge

A

blue tongue (sore muzzle)

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13
Q

is a disease caused by a bacterium. it affects both sheep and goats, with lambs and kids being most often affected.

A

enterotoxemia

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14
Q

enterotoxemia can be controlled through?

A
  • good management
  • proper feeding
  • vaccination
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15
Q

if enterotoxemia occurs in feeder lambs, increase the amount of roughage in the ration and raise the level of?

A

chlortetracycline

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16
Q

is a disease that affects the soft tissue of the foot. it may occur in connection with foot rot, when are in wet or muddy conditions

A

foot abscess

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17
Q

usually affects sheep during the periods of extremely wet weather. it is not believed to caused by either the same bacteria or a different strain of the same bacteria that cause foot rot

A

foot scald

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18
Q

nonirritating and may be used more often than copper solutions

A

zinc sulfate solutions

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19
Q

affects sheep and is caused by bacteria. it affects mainly lambs 1 to 5 days of age.

A

lamb dysentery

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20
Q

symptoms of lamb dysentery

A

loss of appetite, depression, diarrhea, and sudden death

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21
Q

dysentery can be prevented by following

A

strict sanitation and lambing in clean, dry housing, and on clean pasture

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22
Q

which affects both sheep and goats, is caused by bacteria or by injury to the udder.

A

mastitis

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23
Q

affects sheep and goats and is caused by a bacterial infection of the navel

A

navel III

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24
Q

is an inflammation of the lungs that affects both sheep and goats. exposure to cold, damp, draft conditions

A

pneumonia

25
Q

is a disease that affects the central nervous system of sheep and goats

A

scrapie

26
Q

one of a class of brain disease called

A

transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)

27
Q

affects sheep and goats ans id caused by a virus. more common in younger animals. symptoms include, blisters on mouth, lips and nose of the animals

A

sore mouth

28
Q

affects sheep and goats and is caused by bacteria. symptoms include, stiffness, walking with a straddling gait, inability to eat, and rigid jaw and tail

A

tetanus

29
Q

affects sheep and is caused by bacteria. main symptom is abortion.

A

vibriosis

30
Q

which are nutritional problems that may affect sheep or goats as well as cattle.

A

bloat and white muscle disease

31
Q

occurs when the rumen becomes filled with dry or indigestible feed.

A

impaction

32
Q

a disease caused by a lack of calcium in the blood, occurs in both sheep and goats

A

milk fever

33
Q

affects both sheep and goats. caused by a lack of vitamin A in the diet. symptoms include the inability to see at night, soreness of the eyes, loss appetite, weakness, nervousness, and convulsions

A

night blindness

34
Q

affects sheep, especially those carrying twons or triplets. metabolic disorder that usually occurs during the last 6 weeks of gestation

A

pregnancy toxemia

35
Q

attack sheep and or goats. causes looses in the production of wool, mohair, meat and milk

A

external parasites

36
Q

are tiny insects that live on animals. some are blood sucking, others are biting or chewing.

A

lice

37
Q

sometimes called a sheep tick. wingless fly that is about ¼ inch (0.6cm) long and has six legs.

A

sheep ked

38
Q

infected animals shake their heads, sneeze, have difficulty breathing, and may hold their noses to teb ground

A

sheep bot fly

39
Q

they burrow into the skin causing irritation

A

mange and scab mites

40
Q

most serious health problem of sheep and goats. economic loss results from loss in weight, lower milk production, poor wool growth, wated feed, and lower breeding efficiency

A

internal parasite

41
Q

is the key of controlling losses from internal parasites.

A

good management

42
Q

two factors that contribute to problems with internal parasites

A

overgrazing pasture and fail to rotate pasture

43
Q

chemical compounds used for deworming animals.

A

anthelmintics

44
Q

worms found in the stomach and intestines of sheep and goats include;

A
  1. common stomach worm
  2. medium stomach work
  3. bankrupt worm
  4. thread-necked strongyle
  5. nodular worm
  6. hookworm
  7. tapeworm
45
Q

common stomach worm and medium worm are?

A

bloodsuckers

46
Q

two species of lungworms infest sheep and goats:

A

thread lungworm and hair lungworm

47
Q

lives in the liver of the infested sheep or goat. causes bleeding in the liver.

A

liver fluke

48
Q

caused by the small protozoa called coccidia. lives in the intestine of the sheep or goat. cause the cell wall rupture, and the animal bleeds internally.

A

coccidiosis

49
Q

due to presence of larger numbers of gastrointestinal nematodes, is commonly encountered in cattle in many countries where cattle are grazed outdoors

A

parasitic gastroenteritis

50
Q

caused by the lumgworm Dictyocaulus viviparus

A

parasitic bronchitis

51
Q

is caused by the trematode parasite fasciola hepatica; other species may also be involved.

A

fascioliasis

52
Q

common in young calves, and is characterised by anorexia and diarrhea, often intermittent, which may result in poor growthrates.

A

cryptosporidiosis

53
Q

may feed on blood, sweat, skin secretions, tears, saliva, urine or feces of cattle. to which they are attacked.

A

flies

54
Q

are associated with a chronic dermatitis, and in small enougj numbers are well tolerated

A

louse infestations

55
Q

have been implicated in the transmission of disease

A

blood-sucking lice

56
Q

infestation with mites can result in severe dermatitis known as?

A

mange

57
Q

the control options available for each type of parasite are generalizedand will

A

parasite control strategies

58
Q

in which calves were dosed and then moved to safe pasture mid season, is now generally considered to be highly selective for anthelmintic resistance

A

dose and move strategy

Ruminant Production and Herd Health Management (7 decks)

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