Module 7: Hypersensitivity Flashcards
Type I Hypersensitivity, antibody involved, damage due to…?
Immediate
IgE
Allergic reactions
Type II Hypersensitivity, antibody involved, damage due to…?
Cytotoxic
Other antibodies (not IgE)
Cytotoxic damage
Type III Hypersensitivity, antibody involved, damage due to…?
Immune complex
Soluble antigens form complexes with other antibodies
Antigen-antibody complexes deposit in blood vessels and tissues
Type IV Hypersensitivity, antibody involved, damage due to…?
Delayed
No antibody involved
T lymphs activity results in tissue damage
Activation of mast cells results in:
Secretion of granular contents
Synthesis and secretion of lipid mediators
Synthesis and secretion of cytokines
Histamine causes:
Contraction of bronchioles (wheezing)
Contraction of smooth muscle (intestinal hypermotility)
Increased capillary permeability (dilation of small blood vessels)
Increased mucous gland secretions (congestion)
Stimulation of nerve endings (pain/itching)
3 lipids mediators of inflammation:
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Platelet activating factor
Action of prostaglandins:
Vasodilation
Increased vascular permeability
Bronchoconstriction
Action of leukotrienes:
Increased vascular permeability
Bronchoconstriction
Mucous secretions
Action of platelet activating factor:
Bronchoconstriction
4 cytokines of late phase reaction:
Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 4
Interleukin 3
Interleukin 5
Action of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 4:
Promote a neutrophil/eosinophil rich inflammation
Action of interleukin 3:
Promotes mast cell proliferation
Action of interleukin 5:
Eosinophil activator
4 mechanisms of tissue damage in Type II hypersensitivity:
Clearance of opsonized target cell by macrophages
Interference of normal cell function due to Ab binding to a receptor site
Complement mediated lysis of target cell
Damage to local tissue due to inflammatory process
