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HSCI 300 Immunology > Module 10: Tumor Immunology > Flashcards

Module 10: Tumor Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Define neoplasm

A

Abnormal tissue with rapid and uncoordinated growth

Benign or malignant

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2
Q

Define cancer

A

Cellular malignant tumor

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3
Q

Define carcinoma

A

Cancer of epithelial origin

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4
Q

Define sarcoma

A

Cancer of connective tissue origin (bone, muscle, vessels)

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5
Q

Define leukemia/lymphoma/myeloma

A

Cancer of blood cell origin

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6
Q

Define tumor

A

Swelling of a defined mass of tissue

Benign or malignant

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7
Q

Define benign

A

Localized growth, not malignant or recurrent

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8
Q

Define malignant

A

Growth that becomes progressively worse due to the disruption of normal cell function, invasion of healthy tissue, and metastasis

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9
Q

Define metastasis

A

Spreading form the primary location

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10
Q

Define invasive

A

Moving from tissues surrounding the primary site

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11
Q

Define protooncogene

A

Gene in a host cell which is involved in regulation of cell growth (proliferation, differentiation, survival)

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12
Q

Define oncogene

A

Gene that encodes a protein capable of inducing cellular transformation often through inappropriate cell growth

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13
Q

Tumor mechanisms to evade immune response (5)

A 
Non-immunogenic
Lack of adherence to lymphocytes
Immunosuppressive cytokines
Immunosuppressed
Induce T regs to suppress anti-tumor immune responses
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14
Q

Major malignancy due to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (oncofetal)

A

Colon cancer

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15
Q

Major malignancy due to alpha fetoprotein (AFP) (oncofetal)

A

Liver cancer, germ cell cancer

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16
Q

Major malignancy due to beta HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

A

Germ cells tumors

17
Q

Major malignancy due to hepatitis B

A

Primary

Liver cancer

18
Q

Major malignancy due to human papilloma virus (HPV)

A

Cervical carcinoma

19
Q

Major malignancy due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

20
Q

Major malignancy due to HTLV-1 (viral)

A

Adult T cell leukemia

21
Q

Major malignancy due to calcitonin/thyroglobulin

A

Thyroid cancer

22
Q

Major malignancy due to RAS mutation

A

20-30% of human carcinomas, 90% or pancreatic cancers

23
Q

Major malignancy due to BCR/ABL

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemias

24
Q

Major malignancy due to Her-2/neu

A

Some breast cancers

25
Q

Major malignancy due to c-myc

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

26
Q

Four types of immunotherapy

A

Vaccination
Enhancement of host immunity with cytokines and costimulators
Nonspecific immune system stimulation
Passive immunotherapy

HSCI 300 Immunology (6 decks)

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