Module 7: Adulthood

Question 1

True or false? One’s level of education has nothing to do with one’s likelihood of divorce?

Answer 1

False

Question 2

For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking, Romantic, Companionate.

Alex and Quinn just met and immediately felt a close emotional connection with one another. They love getting together to talk and have communicated their feelings of closeness to one another.

Answer 2

Liking

Question 3

Which of Sternberg’s types of love is thought to be the most complete?

Answer 3

Consummate Love

Question 4

For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking, Romantic, Companionate.

Milly and Harry are crazy about each other. Although they’ve only known each other for six weeks, they’ve decided to drive to Las Vegas and get married. Throughout the brief ceremony, they can’t keep their hands off each other

Answer 4

Fatuous

Question 5

____________ adulthood is a term for the in-between period during which individuals leave adolescence but are not fully adults.

Answer 5

Emerging

Question 6

The ________ is the term for the midlife transition during which fertility declines.

Answer 6

Climacteric

Question 7

Which of the following age ranges most accurately reflects when one’s physical peak is?

Answer 7

20-35

Question 8

True or false? Hot flashes during the climacteric period are inevitable for all women

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Short essay questions should be answered in complete sentences. Describe William Perry’s three stages of post formal thought. Be specific

Answer 9

Moves from Dualistic thinking—black and white,
to Multiple Thinking—different viewpoints, but hard to reconcile,
to Commitment within Relativism—multiple viewpoints, but can commit to one’s own.

Question 10

Describe two types of physical declines that can occur as early as early adulthood, as learned in the module

Answer 10

Answers need to describe at least two of the following : maximum heart rate decreases , respiratory capacity decreases—especially when other high exertion , lens of eye stiffens and thickens , sound sensitivity to high frequencies decreases , fast twitch muscles decrease in size and amount .

Question 11

Describe a profile of someone who, based on statistics, would have a divorce rate well below the 40-50% range.

Answer 11

Answers should include some of the following features : annual income over 50 k , waiting to have a baby , not having divorced parents , being religious , education . 2 pts. Then , 2 pts for a detailed profile .

Question 12

In this module, you read an article by Jean Twenge on Generation Z (or iGen). Summarize in detail what the article said regarding smartphone use in this generation and increasing rates of depression and suicide. Then, discuss in detail your reaction to this information. Supplement your response with information on the extent to which the information on the relationship between smartphone use and depressed mood match what you have observed. Finally, indicate recommendations for helping these issues, based on what the article said. Do you agree that these will work?

Answer 12

[ 3 points for summary of the information , which indicates that all screen activities are linked to less happiness while other types of experiences are linked to increased happiness . This connection appears to be causal . Extended screen time is linked to increased suicide prevalence . 2 points for a detailed and thoughtful response to this . 2 points for a detailed account on real life observations on this topic . 3 points for discussing recommendations—restrict technology , encourage more in - person social interaction—and a personal response on whether these would work . ]

Question 13

True or false? One’s level of education has nothing to do with one’slikelihood of divorce.

Answer 13

false

Question 14

1 / 1 ptsQuestion 2Compared to prior generations, people in Generation Z are____________ to be sexually active in early adulthood.

Answer 14

less likely

Question 15

For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking ,Romantic, Companionate.
Amy and Max have been married for 5 years. They’re still very much in love and make it a point to sit down and talk with each other every day, and go on romantic dates at least every other week

Answer 15

Consummate love

Question 16

Which of Sternberg’s types of love includes all three love components?

Answer 16

Consummate love

Question 17

True or false? According to the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, 50% of male 17-year-olds report being sexually active.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

True or false? Women who experience early menopause are at lower risk for osteoporosis.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

For which of the following sports would the physical peak typically come earlier: tennis, golfing, or baseball?

Answer 19

tennis

Question 20

True or false? Middle adulthood is roughly between the ages of 40-60.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

How does Labouvie-Vief describe postformal thought?

Answer 21

Labouvie-Vief describe postformal thought is more realistic, can see more viewpoint, can see the shade of matter then simple thinking from previous stage of thinking They move from dualistic thinking (only can think of what is right and wrong) to multiple thinking (able to look at different viewpoint of matter to make decision). But they are still not able reconcile multiple perspectives to commit within relativism (they can see multiple viewpoints and make decision on what they believe)

Question 22

How does Labouvie-Vief describe postformal thought?

Answer 22

More relativistic thinking, seeing shades of gray rather than black and white

Question 23

Much variety exists in women’s menopausal symptoms. Describe two of the cross-cultural cross-racial differences in menopausal symptoms that you learned about during this module. Be specific

Answer 23

Loss of bone mass : after menopause , women body stop producing estrogen , and cause the unbalance of hormone in the body . They started to get loss of bone mass . Hormone replacement therapy can help women who has early menopause with bone mass loss , but not all of women can recommend for this therapy , if they have history of stroke , high risk of cancer or heart disease Hot flashes : is when women after menopause experience hot wave on their upper body . Hot flashes can make them sweating , due to lost heat in the body . They may experience of chills later . But not all women will experience this hot flashes , it can be different in genetics and culture .

Question 24

Much variety exists in women’s menopausal symptoms. Describe two of the cross-cultural cross-racial differences in menopausal symptoms that you learned about during this module. Be specific

Answer 24

4 points for describing 2 differences: different definitions for and meaning behind menopause—more positive in Japanese, different symptoms noticed among different races(Caucasian: Muscle aches, irritability, insomnia; African-American: hot flashes, night sweats, more positive; Chinese/Japanese: fewer night sweats and hot flashes, less positive; Japanese/Nigerian: frozen shoulders; rural Mayan and other indigenous cultures: more positive, as women assume role of spiritual leader; timing differs (earliest for Latin American and African American, then Caucasian, then Asian-American

Question 25

Do middle-aged adults experience a mid-life crisis? Explain why or why not.

Answer 25

Middle - age does not experience mid-life crisis , it can be said is transition of middle - age instead . Because not all of people in their middle - age experience mid-life crisis , but most of them are in transition of life in this age . Some culture may not recognize the different in this age as well . People in this age , can look back and evaluate of their position of life , what did they archive , where they are now , and who they would like to become next . This age they can make a very important decision of life

Question 26

Do middle-aged adults experience a mid-life crisis? Explain why or why not.

Answer 26

Answer needs to include the following points: crisis is too strong a term, transition does occur, few adults experience full-blown crisis, there are usually contributing factors to the crisis besides age.

Question 27

You have a friend who is very pessimistic about the state of marriage in society. He supports his view by saying that “50% of marriages end in divorce.” Based on your understanding of how to correctly interpret statistics predicting the likelihood of divorce, how could you update his interpretation? In your answer to your friend, be sure a) to correctly interpret the “50%” figure and explain in detail multiple factors affect the likelihood of divorce. Then, describe in detail your own response to the information that you learned about the divorce rate. Did this information surprise you? Why or why not?

Answer 27

50 % of marriages end in divorce “ is the prediction number based on one of research in 1970s . There are couple mistakes from this research . First , the statistic number has been taken based on face value . There is missing of large numbers of couples who divorced , and this number just predict of percentage of married couples who are likely to get divorce . So , the percentage of divorced is not accurate since the total of sample has been missing a lot . The prediction percentage surprise me a lot , since I never can think of high percentage of married couple has been divorced in the past . I think may be at that time, married is not based on 2 individuals love but has been arranged by parents instead, plus the reason of poverty that affect many couple divorced. Plus the more of women has higher education is less likely to get divorced, that can tell in 1970s not a lot of women can have opportunity to get high education.

Question 28

You have a friend who is very pessimistic about the state of marriage in society. He supports his view by saying that “50% of marriages end in divorce.” Based on your understanding of how to correctly interpret statistics predicting the likelihood of divorce, how could you update his interpretation? In your answer to your friend, be sure a) to correctly interpret the “50%” figure and explain in detail multiple factors affect the likelihood of divorce. Then, describe in detail your own response to the information that you learned about the divorce rate. Did this information surprise you? Why or why not?

Answer 28

4 pts for correct interpretation of the statistics: - it is a projection that does not necessarily reflect actual behavior, -based on a projection from the 1970s, -divorce rates have decreased since then, other factors affect the rate.3 pts for factors: annual income over 50k, waiting to have a baby, not having divorced parents, being religious, education.3 pts for well-supported and detailed response.

Question 29

For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking, Romantic, Companionate.
Bill and Mary have been married for 30 years and are comfortable with each other. They rarely go on romantic outings, and rarely have sex. However, they enjoy simply spending time together.

Answer 29

Companionate

Question 30

Which of the following types of love is based on only one love component?

Answer 30

Liking, Infatuation, and Empty love

Question 31

True or false? Women are more likely than men to experience a mid-life crisis

Answer 31

False

Question 32

The “sandwich generation” refers to middle-aged adults who

Answer 32

are caregivers for both their children and their parents

Question 33

Which of Sternberg’s components of love (intimacy, passion, commitment)has to do with emotional connectedness?

Answer 33

intimacy

Question 34

True or false? Middle adulthood is roughly between the ages of 40-60

Answer 34

True

Question 35

For which of the following sports would the physical peak typically come earlier: tennis, golfing, or baseball

Answer 35

Tennis

Question 36

True or false? Hot flashes during the climacteric period are inevitable

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Describe William Perry’s three stages of postformal thought. Be specific.

Answer 37

William Perry’s three stages of postformal thought are, Dualistic thinking, Multiple thinking, Commitment within Relativism.
Dualistic Thinking: This is right versus wrong kind of thinking mostly found in children where they only see situations in black and white and do not see the grey areas in different topics
Multiple Thinking: This is growing to have an understanding that there are several opinions that exist concerning a situation but still find it hard to relate between the two opinions.
Commitment Within Relativisim: This is not just accepting various perspectives and opinions but being able to weigh both sides of the opinion and agree with one that goes with your belief but still respect the other opinion

Question 38

Describe William Perry’s three stages of postformal thought. Be specific.

Answer 38

Moves from dualistic thinking—black and white, to Multiple Thinking—different viewpoints, but hard to reconcile, to Commitment within Relativism—multiple viewpoints, but can commit to one’s own.

Question 39

Describe two types of physical declines that can occur as early as early adulthood, as learned in the module.

Answer 39

Two types of physical decline that could occur would be : Physical peak : The young adult begins to realize that he can’t really do physical activities as much as he could anymore . This can be seen when he indulges in serious exercises . Also , trying to out run a younger person during a sprint feels impossible but they are more healthy because they now eat well and sleep properly . Activities that requires speed and quick movement begin to peak at an earlier time compared to activities that have to do with less of these but more of mental and cerebral thinking peaks at a later time .

Question 40

Describe two types of physical declines that can occur as early as early adulthood, as learned in the module.

Answer 40

Answers need to describe at least two of the following: maximum heart rate decreases, respiratory capacity decreases—especially when other high exertion, lens of eye stiffens and thickens, sound sensitivity to high frequencies decreases, fast twitch muscles decrease in size and amount

Question 41

Do middle-aged adults experience a mid-life crisis? Explain why or why not.

Answer 41

Middle aged adults do not technically experience midlife crisis . Research carried out shows that this term is rather harsh . It s agreeable that during this period certain changes and transition occur that could affect the behavior of the adult as they try to adjust to the changes in their physical bodies , relationships , jobs and growing kids . Only about 12 % of men usually go through overwhelming changes that are in the crisis mode when they realize that they did not achieve all they wanted to due to financial and family pressure and decide to attain them . Most adults during this period go through Midlife transition rather than a crisis because it is only almost normal to reevaluate how your life has been so far when you approach adulthood .

Question 42

Do middle-aged adults experience a mid-life crisis? Explain why or why not.

Answer 42

Answer needs to include the following points: crisis is too strong a term, transition does occur, few adults experience full-blown crisis, there are usually contributing factors to the crisis besides age

Question 43

You have a friend who is very pessimistic about the state of marriage in society. He supports his view by saying that “50% of marriages end in divorce.” Based on your understanding of how to correctly interpret statistics predicting the likelihood of divorce, how could you update his interpretation? In your answer to your friend, be sure a) to correctly interpret the “50%” figure and explain in detail multiple factors affect the likelihood of divorce.
Then, describe in detail your own response to the information that you learned about the divorce rate. Did this information surprise you? Why or why not?

Answer 43

I would gently explain to my friend that that statistics of “ 50 % of marriages end in divorce “ has been misinterpreted and taken from face value . I would further explain that the 50 % result gotten from research carried out in the seventies was merely a prediction . It was meant to predict the state of current couples who are married now but would likely end in a divorce and not that those 50 % of people who married are already divorced . I would explain to him that statistically , the divorce is on the decrease and has a consistent trend hence , that prediction report is no longer accurate . Divorce is on the decrease which means marriages last longer . In addition to this , there are multiple factors that affects the likelihood of divorce which varies from the economic status, education levels and religiosity. It was realized that: A family that earns annual income of $50,000 and more is about 30%more likely to stay married having children 7 months after marriage rather than before marriage would reduce the likelihood of divorce by 24%Growing up in a Family that went through divorce versus a family that did not will reduce it by 14 percent and finally, Also being religious reduces the likelihood of getting divorced by 13%Those who are highly educated are less likely to get married. It was statistically reported that highly educated women stay longer in marriage. The information I learnt about the divorce rate surprised me, but on second thoughts, looking at the various factors that affects the likelihood of getting a divorce stands true. Initially, my opinion was that the societal and moral decay had something to do with the fact that most children where brought up in unsettled homes where the families went through painful divorce which affected them psychologically and mentally and the ways in which they let off their steam was to go into vices like doing drugs, armed robbery and others. Divorce would actually be on the decrease if the family is financially stable, I believe this is a strong factor. Having been married myself, its also true that waiting to have kids eases strain on new marriages, along with being religious, growing up in a stable home and being able to get a good and higher education.

Question 44

You have a friend who is very pessimistic about the state of marriage in society. He supports his view by saying that “50% of marriages end in divorce.” Based on your understanding of how to correctly interpret statistics predicting the likelihood of divorce, how could you update his interpretation? In your answer to your friend, be sure a) to correctly interpret the “50%” figure and explain in detail multiple factors affect the likelihood of divorce.
Then, describe in detail your own response to the information that you learned about the divorce rate. Did this information surprise you? Why or why not?

Answer 44

4 pts for correct interpretation of the statistics: - it is a projection that does not necessarily reflect actual behavior, -based on a projection from the 1970s, -divorce rates have decreased since then, other factors affect the rate.3 pts for factors: annual income over 50k, waiting to have a baby, not having divorced parents, being religious, education.3 pts for well-supported and detailed response.

Question 45

Which of Sternberg’s types of love only includes intimacy?

Answer 45

Liking

Question 46

For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking, Romantic, Companionate.
Halley and Matthew are about to celebrate their 6-month anniversary. They have an elaborate celebration planned, since this anniversary coincides with Valentine’s Day. They both have a strong connection to one another, but have not communicated any long-term plans to one another

Answer 46

Romantic

Question 47

True or false? According to the National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, 50% of male 17-year-olds report being sexually active.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

For the following couples, identify which of the following types of love best describes their relationship: Consummate love, Fatuous, Liking,
Romantic, Companionate.
Amy and Max have been married for 5 years. They’re still very much in love and make it a point to sit down and talk with each other every day, and go on romantic dates at least every other week.

Answer 48

Consummate Love

Question 49

True or false? The General Social Survey indicates that married couples tend to have sex at least once a week, average 58 times per year.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

____________ is the term for the end of reproductive capacity

Answer 50

Menopause

Question 51

True or false? For most people, particularly if physical fitness is not maintained, a number of physical declines begin as early as early adulthood

Answer 51

True

Question 52

True or false? Hot flashes during the climacteric period are inevitable for all women.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

Describe William Perry’s three stages of postformal thought. Be specific.

Answer 53

Moves from dualistic thinking— black and white , to Multiple Thinking—different viewpoints , but hard to reconcile , to Commitment within Relativism—multiple viewpoints , but can commit to one ‘s own .

Question 54

Much variety exists in women’s menopausal symptoms. Describe two of the cross-cultural cross-racial differences in menopausal symptoms that you learned about during this module. Be specific

Answer 54

4 points for describing 2 differences: different definitions for and meaning behind menopause—more positive in Japanese, different symptoms noticed among different races(Caucasian: Muscle aches, irritability, insomnia; African-American: hot flashes, night sweats, more positive; Chinese/Japanese: fewer night sweats and hot flashes, less positive; Japanese/Nigerian: frozen shoulders; rural Mayan and other indigenous cultures: more positive, as women assume role of spiritual leader; timing differs (earliest for Latin American and African American, then Caucasian, then Asian-American

Question 55

Describe a profile of someone who, based on statistics, would have a divorce rate well below the 40-50% range.

Answer 55

Answers should include some of the following features: annual income over 50k, waiting to have a baby, not having divorced parents, being religious, education. 2 pts. Then, 2
pts for a detailed profile.

Question 56

In this module, you read an article by Jean Twenge on Generation Z (or iGen). Summarize in detail what the article said regarding smartphone use in this generation and increasing rates of depression and suicide. Then, discuss in detail your reaction to this information. Supplement your response with information on the extent to which the information on the relationship between smartphone use and depressed mood match what you have observed. Finally, indicate recommendations for helping these issues, based on what the article said. Do you agree that these will work?

Answer 56

[3 points for summary of the information, which indicates that all screen activities are linked to less happiness while other types of experiences are linked to increased happiness. This connection appears to be causal. Extended screen time is linked to increased suicide prevalence. 2 points for a detailed and thoughtful response to this. 2 points for a detailed account on real life observations on this topic. 3 points for discussing recommendations—restrict technology, encourage more in-person social interaction—and a personal response on whether these would work.]