Module 6 Suffixes

Question 1

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

Answer 1

Ends in
“tidine”

Cimetidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine

GI Secretion

Selectively block histamine-2 receptor sites
* Reduces gastric acid secretion and pepsin production
* Blocks release of hydrochloric acid

Question 2

Antacids

Answer 2

Carbonates

• Sodium bicarbonate
• Calcium carbonate

Salts

• Magnesium salts
• Aluminum salts

GI Secretion

Neutralize stomach acid by direct chemical reaction

Question 3

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Answer 3

”- prazole”

Omeprazole
Esomeprazole
Lansoprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole

GI Secretion

Act at specific secretory surface receptors to prevent the final step of acid production and
thereby decrease the level of acid in the stomach

Question 4

GI Protectant

Answer 4

Sucralfate

GI Secretion

Forms an ulcer- adherent complex at the ulcer sites, protecting the sites against acid, pepsin and hcl

Question 5

Prostaglandin

Answer 5

misoprostol

GI Secretion

Protects the stomach by:
* Inhibiting gastric acid secretion
* Increasing bicarbonate and mucous production in the stomach

Question 6

Digestive Enzymes

Answer 6

Saliva substitute
Pancrelipase

GI Secretion

Saliva substitutes: contains electrolytes and carboxymethylcellulose to act as a thickening agent
Pancreatic enzymes : Replacement enzymes that help the digestion and absorption of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 7

Chemical Stimulants

Answer 7

Bisacodyl
Castor Oil
Senna

GI MOTILITY

Directly stimulates nerve plexus in the intestinal wall resulting in increasing movement

Question 8

Bulk Forming Laxatives

Answer 8

Methylcellulose
Polycarbophil
Psyllium

GI MOTILITY

Increase motility by increasing size of fecal material, which will increase fluid in the GI tract, cause more stretch on GI tract, stimulate local stretch receptors, and activate local GI activity

Question 9

Osmotic Laxatives

Answer 9

Magnesium
* Magnesium sulfate
* Magnesium citrate
* Magnesium hydroxide

Lactulose

Polyethylene glycol

Sodium picosulfate with
magnesium oxide

GI MOTILITY

Draw more water into GI tract and stimulate &
increased GI motility

Question 10

Lubricants

Answer 10

Docusate
Glycerin
Mineral Oil

GI MOTILITY

Question 11

Opioid Antagonist

Answer 11

“nal” in the name

Methylnaltrexone
Naloxegol
Naldemedine

GI MOTILITY

Binds to peripheral opioid receptors to block the opioid effect on the GI tract

Question 12

Gastrointestinal Stimulants

Answer 12

Metoclopramide

GI MOTILITY

Stimulate parasympathetic activity within the GI tract
Increase GI secretions and motility

Question 12

Antidiarrheal Drugs

Answer 12

Bismuth Subsalicylate
Loperamide

GI MOTILITY

Slow the motility of the GI tract through direct action on the lining of the GI tract

Question 13

Phenothiazines

Answer 13

“azine”

Prochlorperazine
Chlorpromazine
Perphenazine

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Depresses various areas of the central nervous system (CNS) to reduce vomiting and nausea

Question 14

Nonphenothiazines

Answer 14

Metoclopramide

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Acts to reduce the responsiveness of the nerve cells in the CTZ to circulating chemicals that induce vomiting, Is also a Gastrointestinal stimulator.

Question 15

5-HT3 Receptor Blockers

Answer 15

“-setron”

Granisetron
Ondansetron
Palonosetron

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Blocks specific receptor sites associated with nausea and vomiting, peripherally and in the CTZ

Question 16

Substance P/Neurokinin 1
Receptor Antagonists

Answer 16

“-pitant”

Aprepitant
Rolapitant
Fosaprepitant

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Act directly in the CNS to block receptors associated with nausea and vomiting r/t chemo

Question 17

Cannabinoids

Answer 17

Have “-nabi” in them Dronabinol
Nabilone

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Contain the active ingredient of cannabis

Question 18

Antihistamines

Answer 18

“-zine”

Hydroxyzine,
Meclizine

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Block histamine and muscarinic receptors

Question 19

Anticholinergic

Answer 19

Scopolamine

ANTIEMETIC AGENTS

Nausea and vomiting due to motion sickness