Module 6

Question 1

Baroque Operas

Answer 1

• Spectacular, high-budget affairs
• Special effects
• Snazzy costumes
• Scandalous stars

Question 2

Rinaldo (1711 Handel)

Answer 2

-A smash hit in London

Question 3

Giulio Cesare

Answer 3

-Retold the story of Caesar and Cleopatra

Question 4

Elector of Hannover

King George I of England

Answer 4

• Elicited Handel as an aristocrat for composing music

- Handel decided to become a British subject

Question 5

Music for the Royal Fireworks

Answer 5

• A brassy, spectacular set of outdoor pieces written for a firework show and treaty celebration in 1749
• More than 12,000 people attended creating an 18th century traffic jam that closed London Bridge for hours than during the performance of Fireworks malfunction, the stage caught fire and the giant audience competed for the exist

Question 6

John Gaze

Answer 6

• The Beggar’s Opera competed for the rise of Handel’s success
• The show combined spoken lines with catchy popular style songs, much like a Broadway musical
• The songs were in English
• The characters were hilarious criminals
• The shows satire eyes, overblown the style of Italian operas
• Was a big hit with rising middle class who started to demand accessible English-language music instead of Italian operas

Question 7

Handle solution

Answer 7

• Write English-language oratorios instead of operas
• An oratorio is a large-scale piece of music for choir, orchestra and vocal soloists, which tells a story without staging or costumes
• Most are based on stories from the Bible

Question 8

Deborah

Answer 8

• Handle’s first successful oratorio

- An auditorium about a female leader and warrior from the Bible’s Book of Judges

Question 9

Saul

Answer 9

• Another oratorio by Handle
• A story of ambitious conflicted Old Testament King and Israel and Egypt, which dramatized the biblical story of Moses and the Exodus

Question 10

Messiah

Answer 10

• Handel’s greatest commercial success and the most popular oratorio of all times
• Charles Lennens created an unique oratorio text; he complied passages from the Bible’s Old and New Testaments to recount the life of Jesus, Handel must have been excited about the project because in a remarkable burst of genius, he composed the entire oratorio in less than 30 days
• Wrote the work for an Easter performance
• Was a huge hit when premiered in Dublin, Ireland on April 13, 1742
• Audiences always stand during the performances of Handle’s magnificent Halleluiah Chorus
• Handel performed Messiah at the Foundling Hospital Chapel an orphanage in London
• Some say he chose the orphanage as receiver charity because he never had children of his own

Question 11

Judas Maccabees (1746)
Jephtha (1752

Answer 11

-Dramatic pieces that Handle wrote after Messiah

Question 12

Counterpoint

Answer 12

• Several melodies playing simultaneously

- Pipe organ was a popular Baroque instrument due to the several melodies

Question 13

Bach

Answer 13

• Masters the organ at a young age
• By the age of eighteen he already has a job as a organist
• He best know job was playing church music
• From 1725 to the end of his life he served as a Canter at St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, Germany
• He wrote scared music one of his most famous sacred works is his St. Matthew Passion, a dramatic musical retelling of the death of Jesus
• Wrote harpsichord sets called The Well-Tempered Clavier
• He owned several coffee makers and wrote a piece called Coffee Cantata all about the wonders about caffeine.

Question 14

Fugue

Answer 14

• A contrapuntal genre
• It means melodies that chase each other through various keys and melodic ranges
• Bach’s Toccata and Fugue on D minor, one of his most recognizable works
• A piece of music that uses interwoven melodies based on a single musical idea
• The melody is introduced by one voice and is introduced voice by voice

Question 15

Chorale Prelude

Answer 15

• An organ arrangement of a Lutheran hymn called a chorale

- Bach’s chorale preludes often combine a traditional hymn tune with a counter melody

Question 16

Imitative polyphony

Answer 16

-The same melody sung at different times

Question 17

Subject

Answer 17

• A small musical idea
• To rev their musical engines
• First was presented in a high-pitched range
• Then in a medium pitched range
• Then in a low pitched range
• It was basically the same sequence of notes each time, but in a different range
• Is usually played in three or four voices through the fugue.

Question 18

Answer

Answer 18

• a repetition of the subject by another voice (usually a higher one)
• Usually the same sequence of notes but starting on a different pitch

Question 19

Countersubject

Answer 19

• Keeps going even though the answer is being given by another instrument
• Since the two parts are being played at the same time the composer has to make sure they fit together without creating musical havoc

Question 20

Episodes

Answer 20

• Where the music is changed up a bit
• First, the music is modified by changing the set of pitches that the music is based on, which adds contrast and expression to the feel of the music

Question 21

Modulation

Answer 21

• Changing of keys
• Might be like a change of scenery in a drive
• The fugue subject is either modified or not used at all

Question 22

Manipulations

Answer 22

• Let the composure
• stretch the fragment into long notes
• shrink it into little fast notes
• play it backwards
• or even turn it upside down