MODULE 6-7 Flashcards
A process where the internal demands of motivations are brought into harmonious relation with the external demands of reality.
ADJUSTMENT
Inventing of excuses or reasons for behavior that is inadequate, unacceptable, or damaging to personal integrity and status; it operates unconsciously and protects self-esteem without guilty feelings.
RATIONALIZATION
Involves self-deception by adopting a conviction, and giving up and relinquishing all efforts towards a goal because it is not worth the efforts anyway.
SOUR GRAPES MECHANISM
Desirable qualities are found in what was not truly wanted.
SWEET LEMON MECHANISM
A form of rationalization; a process of shifting the responsibility for an act or thought from oneself to an outside object or to another person.
PROJECTION
A type of projection, which is the process of shifting a response or reaction from its original object to another which is less dangerous.
DISPLACEMENT
An unconscious process wherein shameful thoughts, guilt-producing memories, painful experiences, or distasteful tasks are removed from awareness or forced below the level of consciousness.
REPRESSION
The deliberate, conscious control of unacceptable or undesirable thoughts or impulses; the same purpose as repression but it involves conscious intent.
SUPRESSION
The unconscious pretension to superior qualities and traits that serve to obscure the existence of a basic inferiority.
EGOCENTRISM
A device which makes it possible to discharge tensions by diverting one’s energies from a desired goal to substitute one; this sometimes called transferred compensation.
SUBSTITUTION
The mechanism where the individual devotes time and effort to a pursuit with increased vigor in an attempt to make up for real or imagined inadequacy.
COMPENSATION
The generation of an intense desire to succeed in an area in which one has experienced failure or inferiority.
DIRECT COMPENSATION
The effort to find success in one field when there has been failure in another.
INDIRECT COMPENSATION
The concentration of efforts on a narrow field at the expense of a well-rounded and complete adjustment to a variety of life’s demands.
OVERCOMPENSATION
The unconscious redirection of the primitive energies natural impulses to socially and morally acceptable channels of activity.
SUBLIMATION
Urges that are not acceptable to the consciousness are repressed, and opposite attitudes or modes of behavior are expressed with considerable force.
REACTION FORMATION
A way of adjusting to a threatening situation by escaping from it; it enables the person to get away from the scene of the conflict.
AVOIDANCE MECHANISM
A mental mechanism where a person substitutes real satisfactions for imaginary satisfactions.
FANTASY
A process of relieving anxiety or threat by falling back on thoughts, feelings, or behavior, which worked successfully during the earlier period of life.
REGRESSION
Is the development of real physical symptoms which enable a person to withdraw from a difficult situation; mental conflict is converted into physical symptom.
MOTOR HYSTERIA
The refusal to participate in a tense situation; this is a type of avoidance-mechanism manifested through either an active or passive resistance towards the external demands on the individual.
NEGATIVISM
The mechanism where the individual enhances self-esteem by patterning him/herself after another person; this is the process of attaining success through the accomplishments of an external agents.
IDENTIFICATION
A premature termination of some aspect of personality development or a delay in maturation.
FIXATION
Caused by varying circumstances, most frequently due to hereditary factors and glandular deficiencies.
MENTAL RETARDATION
Display unusual ability in a particular area, such as in music, art and other creative abilities.
GIFTED INDIVIDUALS
Refers to acts which violate acceptable moral and social standards that bring the individual into conflict with society.
DELINQUENCY
CAUSES OF DELINQUENCY
PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES
SOCIOLOGICAL CAUSES
PREVENTION
The overuse of alcohol to the extent of habituation, dependence or addiction. It is a chronic disease with multiple causes involving psychological, social, and physical factors.
ALCOHOLISM
Means “shaking all over”, is a form of mental confusion characterized by body tremors, hallucinations, and delirium; it can last from two to ten days, making a person a total nervous wreck.
DELIRIUM TREMENS
A drug that interferes with the metabolism of alcohol, which develops severe nausea.
ANTABUSE
A drug that causes violent nausea and vomiting, is administered before the person drinks.
EMETIC
A state of periodic or chronic intoxication by the repeated consumption of a drug
DRUG ADDICTION
A state arising form repeated administration of a drug on a periodic or continuous basis.
DRUG DEPENDENCE
Reduces anxiety and excitement (barbiturates, tranquilizers, and alcohol)
SEDATIVES
Increases alertness and physical disposition (amphetamines and cocaine)
STIMULANTS
Affects sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion (LSD, mescaline, and THC)
HALLUCINOGENS/PSYCHEDELICS
Relieves pain and induces sleep (Opium, morphine, heroin)
NARCOTICS/OPIATES
