Module 6 Flashcards
Introduction
Solid Waste Management remains as one of the most critical environment problems today. In Metro Manila alone, approximately 0.6 kilograms per person per day of garbage is produced. This amounts to a total of about 6000 to 7000 tons per day. Even though not all of this can be collected by the municipal collection system, people seem to be unconcerned with the amount of solid and semisolid waste they produced despite current difficulties.
It describes any material that can be broken down by naturally occurring organisms such as bacteria in air, water and soil.
Biodegradable
It is decayed organic material for use as soil conditioner or fertilizer.
Compost
it refers to biological degradation of organic materials under controlled conditions.
Composting
it refers to refuse from household which may be classified as biodegradable or nonbiodegradable.
Domestic Waste
these include certain kinds of seeds, pulp, peelings, pickles, sweets, or snacks.
Food materials
it refers to substances without any safe commercial, industrial and agricultural or economic usage and are shipped, transported, or bought from the country of origin for dumping or disposal into or in transit through any part of the territory.
Hazardous waste
this is the controlled process by which combustible waste is burned and changed into gases and residues that contain little or no combustible materials.
Incineration
it describes any material that cannot be degraded or decomposed by naturally occurring organisms such as bacteria in air, water, and soil.
Nonbiodegradable
it describes a substance that decomposes at a certain temperature in contact with air and moisture; generally containing nitrogen.
Putrescible
it refers to the reuse, retrieval, recommission of matter for all purposes necessary for healthful and productive living; the process by which waste materials are transformed into new products in such a manner that the original products may lose their identity.
Recycling
this includes anything thrown away such as garbage, rubbish, trash, litter, junk and refuse of any source.
Solid Waste
is garbage arising from human and animal activities that is normally solid and discarded as useless or unwanted.
Solid waste
Types of Waste according to composition
- Based on point of origin
- Based on Nature of Material
domestic, institutional, commercial, demolition/construction, street, industrial and agricultural
Based on point of origin
Organic, Inorganic, combustible, noncombustible
Based on Nature of Material
Hazardous waste may be described as follows:
- It causes or enhances fire.
- It destroys tissues or metals.
- It reacts with other substances and may explode.
- It poses danger to health, water, food, and air.
3 Kind of Composting
- Aerobic Composting
- Anaerobic composting
- Vermicomposting
composting is an aerobic process; microorganisms in an oxygen environment decompose organic food waste.
Aerobic Composting
is a static method of composting.
Anaerobic composting
contains not only worm casting, but also bedding materials and organic waste at various stages of decomposition.
Vermicomposting
Types of Composters
- Twin pits
- Tire towers
- Bottomless composter
- Clay pot composter
- Plastic bag composter
- Compost bins
dig two 1-meter pits that are a meter deep and half a meter apart. Place small twigs at the bottom and insert a hollow tube at the center as an air inlet.
Twin pits
two piles of old car tires can be used as containers for composting.
Tire towers
old drums, cans, plastic water containers and even old jute or rice sacks can be used.
Bottomless composter
ten flowerpots can be used in turn.
Clay pot composter
plastic bags are lined with soil.
Plastic bag composter
these may be constructed from chicken wire or any durable basket material.
Compost bins
3 Types of Sanitary Landfill
- Trench Method
- Area Method
- Ramp Method
A trench is first excavated; its base and sides being properly lined.
Trench Method
The waste is spread and compacted on the natural surface of the ground, and cover material is spread and compacted over it.
Area Method
it is a combination/variation of the area and trenching techniques.
Ramp Method
