Module 5 Test: Anatomy and Pathophysiology Review (RHIA & RHIT) Flashcards
What is the name of the protein that gives breads, cereals, baked goods, and pasta their structure but can cause serious gastrointestinal complications when ingested by individuals with celiac disease?
antioxidant
carbohydrate
gluten
glucose
gluten
In general, excessive RBC breakdown could result in
elevated BUN.
high bilirubin levels.
peptic ulcers.
Crohn’s disease.
high bilirubin levels.
A 37-year-old female goes to her family physician complaining of dysuria, urgency, fever, and malaise. A UA is performed, and upon gross examination is found to be turbid and has an unusual odor. Microscopic examination reveals a rod-shaped microorganism. A 24-hour culture produces a colony count greater than 100,000/mL of Escherichia coli. This would indicate a diagnosis of
UTI.
PID.
KUB.
FUO.
UTI.
Which of the following is a liver function test?
TSH
ECG
BUN
AST (SGOT)
AST (SGOT)
The progress of a disease, including initiating factors, signs and symptoms, physical manifestations, residual sequela, prognosis, and finally, the end result, is termed
iatrogenic.
etiology.
homeostasis.
pathogenesis.
pathogenesis.
Which of the following procedures is typically performed on children to facilitate the drainage of serous exudate behind the tympanic membrane in chronic otitis media?
cerumen evacuation
stapedectomy
myringotomy with tympanostomy tubes
cochlear implants
myringotomy with tympanostomy tubes
Several recent studies suggest that this issue/condition is now the third leading cause of death in the United States, is responsible for at least 10% of all deaths in the United States, and is an underrecognized and therefore underreported cause of death in the United States. This issue/condition is
car accidents.
handguns.
medical errors.
epidemics.
medical errors.
Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by entrapment of the
tibial nerve.
median nerve.
radial nerve.
ulnar nerve.
median nerve
On an EKG, what signifies the electronic stimulation of the ventricles?
the spacing of the waves
the height of the waves
the QRS wave
the P wave
the QRS wave
Some immunizations, such as tetanus, require a second application to strengthen or “remind” the immune system in response to antigens. The subsequent injections are termed
alerting shots.
warning shots.
booster shots.
unnecessary shots.
booster shots.
Which of the following is an effect of insulin?
increases the breakdown of fats
decreases glycogen concentration in liver
increases glucose metabolism
increases blood glucose
increases glucose metabolism
John was in a car accident and sustained severe chest trauma resulting in a tension pneumothorax. Manifestations of this disorder include all of the following EXCEPT
shock.
clubbing.
severe chest pain.
dyspnea.
clubbing.
An organism that uses reverse transcriptionase in order to make proteins for its metabolism, uses RNA only, and HIV is an example of, is termed a
retrovirus.
helminth.
rickettsiae.
protozoa.
retrovirus.
All of the following are examples of direct transmission of a disease EXCEPT
physical contact.
coughing or sneezing.
droplet spread.
contaminated foods.
contaminated foods.
Identify the term/phrase that is the calculated percentage of all COVID-19 tests administered that are actually positive for the SARS-CoV2 virus using the formula: (positive tests)/(total tests) × 100% and helps identify the rate of transmission of the disease within a population.
Morbidity rate
Positivity rate
Case fatality rate
Mortality rate
Positivity rate
A drug that has a high probability for abuse, lacks safety controls, and has no established therapeutic use, such as heroin or LSD, is classified by the FDA as a
Schedule III drug.
Placebo.
Schedule V drug.
Schedule I drug.
Schedule I drug.
The most common type of vaginitis is
yeast.
protozoan.
both yeast and protozoan.
viral.
both yeast and protozoan.
Which of the following cells produce histamine in a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
macrophages
neutrophils
mast cells
lymphocyte
mast cells
A 68-year-old female patient has no visible bleeding but remains anemic. Her physician is concerned about possible gastrointestinal bleeding. Which of the following tests might be ordered?
guaiac smear test
Pap smear test
prostatic-specific antigen test
DEXA scan
guaiac smear test
A patienth as diabetes. Her physician has told her about some factors that put her more at risk for infections. Which of the following factors would probably NOT be applicable?
hypoxia
increased glucose in body fluids
microangiopathy
increased blood supply
increased blood supply
An 81-year-old male with arteriosclerosis and a long-standing history of taking Coumadin presents to his physician’s office for his biweekly prothrombin time (PT) test. The PT test is one of the most common hemostasis tests used as a presurgery screening and monitoring Coumadin (warfarin) therapy. This test evaluates
the type and cross-match of blood.
coagulation of the blood.
the iron-binding capacity of RBCs.
the oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs.
coagulation of the blood.
In which gender is the urethra significantly longer?
males
it depends on the height of the individual
it is the same length regardless of gender
females
males
In ______________ anemia, the red blood cells become shaped like elongated crescents in the presence of low oxygen concentration.
folic acid
sickle cell
aplastic
vitamin B12 deficiency
sickle cell
A stapedectomy is a common treatment for
scoliosis.
otosclerosis.
multiple sclerosis.
atherosclerosis.
otosclerosis.
A 57-year-old male patient is having his annual physical. Due to a family history of coronary artery disease and his sedentary lifestyle, his doctor orders a total blood cholesterol panel. What is the optimal level of total cholesterol in the blood for adults?
200–239 mg/dL
> 500 mg/dL
300–339 mg/dL
< 200 mg/dL
< 200 mg/dL
Which of the following is the most effective method for the prevention of influenza?
FluMist nasal spray vaccine
intramuscular injection vaccine
handwashing
coughing into the crook of the elbow
intramuscular injection vaccine
A treatment for sensorineural hearing loss is
removal of impacted cerumen.
cochlear implants.
myringotomy.
stapedectomy.
cochlear implants.
______________ is usually the first symptom of benign prostate hyperplasia.
Burning pain during urination
Abdominal pain
Pelvic pain
Difficulty in urinating
Difficulty in urinating
A sweat test was done on a patient with the following symptoms: frequent respiratory infections, chronic cough, and foul-smelling bloody stools. Which of the following diseases is probably suspected?
cystic breast disease
cystic lung disease
cystic pancreas
cystic fibrosis
cystic fibrosis
One of the most common manifestations of Zika virus exposure in utero is severe fetal brain malformation due to the virus attacking and destroying the neurons. This condition is called
myelomeningocele.
encephalitis.
microcephaly.
meningitis.
microcephaly.
Margaret needs to have her mitral valve replaced. Her surgeon will discuss which of the following issues with her before the surgery?
All answers apply.
A biological valve (usually porcine) will last 10–15 years.
A mechanical valve increases the risk of blood clots that can cause stroke.
A mechanical valve will require that she take a “blood thinner” for the rest of her life.
All answers apply.
Which type of joint, such as the sutures of the skull, has no movement?
amphiarthrosis
synarthrosis
arthritis
diarthrosis
synarthrosis
Which step of the “chain of infection” is disrupted by eliminating the standing water in old tires, birdbaths, and empty buckets when combatting the Zika virus epidemic?
eliminating the reservoir
identifying the susceptible host
killing the virus particle
stopping the direct transmission
eliminating the reservoir
A pharyngeal culture is taken from a 13-year-old male patient presenting to the ER with fever, painful cervical lymph nodes, purulent tonsillar exudate, and difficulty swallowing. A blood agar culture plate shows complete hemolysis around Streptococcus pyogenes bacterial colonies. The patient is given a prescription for erythromycin. The diagnosis in this case is
a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal throat infection.
meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis-positive cerebrospinal fluid.
tuberculosis with drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive sputum.
a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infection.
a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal throat infection.
A 28-year-old female presents to her general practitioner with morning nausea and vomiting, weight gain, and two missed menstrual cycles. The physician orders a pregnancy test. What chemical in the urine does this lab test detect?
carcinoembryonic antigen
creatine phosphokinase
alpha-fetoprotein
human chorionic gonadotropin
human chorionic gonadotropin
The most common etiology of dementia in the United States is
anxiety disorder.
autism.
Alzheimer’s disease.
alcohol abuse.
Alzheimer’s disease.
A severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening, due to a swollen throat, difficulty breathing, rash, and dizziness that must be treated with injectable epinephrine is termed
arrhythmia.
anaphylaxis.
amyloidosis.
asthma.
anaphylaxis.
A mild, atypical lung infection with inflammation and fluid buildup, usually caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae or other bacteria, in which the patient is mildly ill but does not require hospitalization and is treated with antibiotics is termed
intrinsic asthma.
walking pneumonia.
emphysema.
pneumoconiosis.
walking pneumonia.
A serum potassium level of 2.8 would indicate
diabetic ketoacidosis.
anemia.
Addison’s disease.
hypokalemia.
hypokalemia
Cervical cerclage is a procedure used to help prevent
torsion.
breathing restrictions.
torticollis.
miscarriage.
miscarriage.
Which of the following anatomical parts is involved in both the respiratory and digestive systems?
larynx
pharynx
nasal cavity
trachea
pharynx
Necrosis extending down to the underlying fascia is characteristic of a decubitus ulcer in stage
four.
two.
three.
one.
three.
A 72-year-old male patient is on Coumadin therapy. Which of the following tests is commonly ordered to monitor the patient’s Coumadin levels?
prothrombin time
partial thromboplastin time
bleeding time
blood smear
prothrombin time
Each of the following conditions fall under the category of COPD EXCEPT
chronic bronchitis.
emphysema.
pneumonia.
smoking.
pneumonia.
Which of the following tubes conveys sperm from the seminal vesicle to the urethra?
oviduct
ejaculatory duct
epididymis
vas deferens
ejaculatory duct
Which endocrine gland secretes melatonin, which controls the circadian rhythm of an individual?
adrenal medulla
pineal
beta cells of the pancreas
alpha cells of the pancreas
pineal
Which set of muscles controls the movement of the eye up and down?
medial and lateral rectus
superior and inferior oblique
superior and inferior rectus
medial and lateral oblique
superior and inferior rectus
A disease of the inner ear with fluid disruption in the semicircular canal that causes vertigo is
mastoiditis.
labyrinthitis.
Meniere’s disease.
both labyrinthitis and Meniere’s disease.
both labyrinthitis and Meniere’s disease.
What is the large serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs and lines the abdominal wall?
pericardial membrane
peritoneum
perineum
pleural membrane
peritoneum
The most effective medications used to treat conditions such as influenza, HIV, and COVID-19 are
antiviral medications.
antidepressants medications.
antibiotic medications.
antimycotic medications.
antiviral medications
