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Psychology 1001 > Module 5: Stress and Health > Flashcards

Module 5: Stress and Health Flashcards

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1
Q

first stage of general adaptatation syndrome; characterized as the bodys immediate physiological reaction to a threatening situation or some other emergency; analogous to the fight-or-flight response

A

alarm reaction

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2
Q

psychophysiological disorder in which the airways of the respiratory system become obstructed, leading to great difficulty expelling air from the lungs.

A

asthma

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3
Q

stress-reduction technique using electronic equipment to measure a persons involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity and provide feedback to help the person gain a level of voluntary control over these processes

A

biofeedback

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4
Q

disorders that involve the heart and blood circulation system

A

cardiovascular disorders

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5
Q

mental or behavioural efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including its cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces

A

coping

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6
Q

stress hormone released by the adrenal glands when encountering a stressor; helps provide a boost of energy, therby preparing the indivdual to take action

A

cortisol

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7
Q

minor irritation and annoyances that are part of our everyday lives and are capable of producing stress

A

daily hassles

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8
Q

bad form of stress; usually high in intensity; often leads to exhaustion, fatigue, feeling burnt out; associated with erosions in performance and health

A

distress

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9
Q

good form of stress; low to moderate in intensity; associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance

A

eustress

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10
Q

set of physiological reactions (increase in blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, and sweat) that occur when an indivdual enocunters a percieved threat; these reactions are produced by activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the endocrine system

A

fight-or-flight response

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11
Q

state involving intense engagement in an activity; usually is experienced when participating in creative, work, and leisure endeavours

A

flow

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12
Q

Hans Selye’s three-stage model of the bodys physiological reactions to stress and the process of stress adaptation: alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion

A

general adaptation syndrome

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13
Q

enduring state of mind consisting of joy, contentment, and other positive emotions; the sense that ones life has meaning and value

A

happiness

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14
Q

subfield of psychology devoted to studying psychological influences on health, illness, and how people respond when they become ill

A

health psychology

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15
Q

several types of adverse heart conditions, including those that involve the hearts arteries or valves or those involving the inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the bodys needs; can include heart attack and stroke

A

heart disease

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16
Q

high blood pressure

A

hypertension

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17
Q

set of structures found in both the limbic system (hypothalamus) and the endocrine system (pituitary gland and adrenal glands) that regulate many of the bodys physiological reactions to stress through the release of hormones

A

hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

18
Q

various structures, cells, and mechanisms that protect the body from foreign substances that can damage the bodys tissue and organs

A

immune system

19
Q

decreased effectiveness of the immune system

A

immunosuppression

20
Q

general sense of emotional exhaustion and cynicism in realtion to ones job; consists of 3 dimensions: exhaustion, depersonalization, and sense of diminished personal accomplishment

A

job burnout

21
Q

work situation involving the combination of excessive job demands and workload with little decision making latitude or job control

A

job strain

22
Q

white blood cells that circulate in the bodys fluids and are especially important in the bodys immune response

A

lymphocytes

23
Q

tendency to experience distressed emotional states involving anger, contempt, disgust, guilt, fear, and nervousness

A

negative affectivity

24
Q

tendency toward a positive outlook and positive expectations

A

optimism

25
Q

peoples beliefs concerning their capacity to influence and shape outcomes in their lives

A

percieved control

26
Q

state or trait that involves pleasurable engagement with the environment, the dimensions of which include happiness, joy, enthusiasm, alertness, and excitement

A

positive affect

27
Q

scientific area of study seeking to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives.

A

positive psychology

28
Q

judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail

A

primary appraisal

29
Q

field that studies how psychological factors (such as stress) influence the immune system and immune functioning

A

psychoneuroimmunology

30
Q

physical disorders or diseases in which symptoms are brought about or worsened by stress and emotional factors.

A

psychophysiological disorders

31
Q

stress reduction technique combining elements of relaxation and meditation

A

relaxation response technique

32
Q

judgement of options available to cope with a stressor and their potential effectiveness

A

secondary appraisal

33
Q

popular scale designed to measure stress; consists of 43 potentially stressful events, each of which has a numerical value quantifyinh how much readjustment is associated with the event

A

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

34
Q

soothing and often beneficial support of others; can take different forms, such as advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance

A

social support

35
Q

third stage of the general adaptation syndrome; the bodys ability to resist stress becomes depleated; illness, disease and even death may occur

A

stage of exhaustion

36
Q

second stage of the general adaptation syndrome; the body adapts to a stressor for a period of time

A

stage of resistance

37
Q

process whereby an indivdual percieves and responds to events that one appraises as overwhelming or threatening to ones well-being

A

stress

38
Q

environmental events that may be judged as threatening or demanding; stimuli that initiate the stress reponse

A

stressors

39
Q

psychological and behaviour pattern exhibited by indivduals who tend to be extremely competitive, impatient, rushed, and hostile toward others

A

Type A

40
Q

psychological and behaviour pattern exhibited by a persoon who is relaxed and laid back

A

Type B

Psychology 1001 (7 decks)

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